back to indexYeonmi Park: North Korea | Lex Fridman Podcast #196
link |
The following is a conversation with Yeonmi Park, a North Korean defector, human rights activist,
link |
and author of the book, In Order to Live. Quick mention of our sponsors,
link |
Belcampo, Gala Games, BetterHelp, and Aidsleep. Check them out in the description to support this
link |
podcast. Let me say a few words about North Korea. From 1994 to 98, North Korea went through a famine.
link |
Mass starvation caused primarily by King Jung Il, who at the time was the new leader of North Korea
link |
after his father's death in 1994. Somewhere between 600,000 and 3 million people died due to
link |
starvation. From all the stories of famine in history, including my own family history, I've
link |
come to understand that hunger tortures the human mind in a way that can break everything we stand
link |
for. In North Korea, during the 90s famine, many were driven to cannibalism. Imagine more than 10
link |
million people suffering starvation for months and years, always on the brink of death. We don't know
link |
the exact numbers of people who died because the suffering was done in silence, in darkness. Very
link |
little information in or out. Most people had to survive without electricity, without clean water,
link |
medical supplies, sanitation, and food. The North Korean propaganda machine called this
link |
the Arduous March, or the March of Suffering. And words such as famine and hunger were banned
link |
because they implied government failure. And once again, now, in 2021, King Jung Un,
link |
the current leader of North Korea, is calling for his country to prepare for another Arduous March,
link |
or March of Suffering. Another period of mass starvation as the country closes its borders.
link |
Looking at atrocities of the past decades and the encroaching atrocity there now,
link |
I think about the quiet suffering of millions of North Koreans. I think about the torture of the
link |
human spirit. I think about a North Korean child who could be a scientist, an artist, a writer,
link |
but who instead grows impossibly thin without food, their bodies slowly rotting away as their
link |
parents watch helplessly. I got emotional in this conversation with you on me, in part because I
link |
remembered my grandmother, who survived Haldamor, the famine in Ukraine, intentionally created by
link |
Stalin, where four to 10 million people died and many, many more suffered. Imagine knowing that if
link |
you don't engage in cannibalism, you will die before your children did, and then it will be eaten.
link |
Imagine, because of this, deciding to murder and eat your own children, as many people did.
link |
Imagine the kind of desperation, torture that leads up to a decision like that. I'm not smart
link |
enough to know what evil is, nowhere to draw the line between good and evil. But Stalin, King
link |
Jung Il, Kim Jong Un, are men who, in the name of power, are willing to make millions of people,
link |
of children, suffer and die from starvation. I rarely have hate in my heart, but I hate these
link |
men. I hate that such men exist in this world. I hate that the beauty I love about this life
link |
exists amid such unimaginable cruelty. I have been haunted by this conversation,
link |
by memories of my grandmother's pain, but I've also been warmed by memories of her love.
link |
Love gives me hope, hope for the perseverance of the human spirit, even in the face of evil.
link |
This is the Lex Friedman podcast, and here is my conversation with Yohan Mi Park.
link |
Can you tell your story from North Korea to today as you describe in your 2015 book,
link |
and with the extra perspective on life, love and freedom you've gained since then?
link |
Wow, that's a long story. So I was born in the northern part of North Korea initially,
link |
and my father was a party member, and my mom was housewife. I had one older sister,
link |
and I remember born in that country. I never thought I was in an unusual country. Now I'm
link |
thinking of what is literally called the Hermit Kingdom, but I thought I believed that I was
link |
living in the best country on earth. It was a socialist paradise, and everybody in the rest
link |
of the world worshiped my dear leader, and there was nothing to envy for me. So I had this enormous
link |
pride in my heart, and grateful to be in that country. So was love for the leader, not fear?
link |
For me at least, it was love. Yeah, it was all the admiration and gratitude. It changed
link |
lately, but for me was pure, pure like love. Was there any, like looking back with the perspective
link |
you have now, would you describe some of those moments growing up as full of happiness, or was
link |
that delusion at the time? So not knowing the alternative, will you still be able to be happy?
link |
The fact that I did not know, like in North Korea, this is the only country in this 21st century
link |
has no internet, and they don't even know the existence of internet. Not only that, we don't
link |
even have this 24 hour electricity, so not knowing definitely helped, I think, to be saying.
link |
So as a human being, you're still able to find moments of happiness?
link |
I think my happiness was from family, nothing else, even though those days keep telling me that
link |
they were our source of meaning and happiness, I don't think I ever got happy by that. Maybe they
link |
are here and there in schools, and like when I was learning propaganda, like, you know, the proud
link |
feeling, right? I'm in the greatest nation here and there, but like actually true happiness came
link |
from laughing with my family and my friends. Are there any childhood memories, pleasant,
link |
or painful ones that stand out to you now? I mean, like, you know, whenever I think about my
link |
North Korea, the interesting is there's no color. I mean, one is because North Korean
link |
country has no color, right? Most of things are unpaved, and trees all cut down. We have no fear,
link |
so people cut down trees to make food. So, but only that, like, even what we are wearing was,
link |
like, no color. So it's an interesting memory to look back.
link |
What about fashion? I've noticed from sort of, you know, you have quite an incredible sense of
link |
fashion. So contrast that with your time in North Korea, how do you remember fashion? Just
link |
or ways that people could express themselves visually. Was it all bland? There was no
link |
word for fashion in North Korea. We didn't even know. It was not even our dictionary.
link |
So of course, I did not know about Victoria. Secret models. I didn't even know what models were.
link |
So when I came out, I learned the model was a job. And like, what is that? And I'm still confused.
link |
So there's so many jobs that we have here that doesn't exist in North Korea.
link |
What was life like in North Korea compared to the rest of the world? So maybe you said there's no
link |
internet, 24 hour electricity is a luxury you do not have. What about food? What about water?
link |
What about basic human rights? I think that's the thing, like, when people were asking me,
link |
can you tell me about, like, life in North Korea? And in the past, I was like, I cannot describe it
link |
to you. And initially I thought, oh, because of my English that I cannot find the words,
link |
it's not that it's a different planet. The common sense that we have doesn't exist there.
link |
Like, people literally do not know the concept of romantic love or human rights or liberty.
link |
So when I'm thinking back to my country, it's, you know, like, as you cannot imagine life on
link |
Mars right now. It's like that kind of difference. I grew up never seeing the map of the world.
link |
I never knew that I was Asian. Like, the regime told me that I was Kim Il Sung, the first Kim race.
link |
And then our calendar doesn't begin when Jesus Christ was born. Our calendar begins where Kim's
link |
was born. So we, and history was forgotten to us. They didn't tell us about, of course, Christianity
link |
or like the Big Bang. Like, our history began when Kim was born. So everything was forgotten to us.
link |
And it was a different meaning. I mean, feeling of existence. You know, it's not even like
link |
same life. I literally think that was almost like my past life. And this is like a new life that I began.
link |
You're, you're almost like a different human being now.
link |
Absolutely. Yeah. So you've, I have to say, I often say that my favorite book
link |
is Animal Farm by George Orwell. I've read it, I don't know how many times. And so I was really
link |
happy to hear that that was of the many books, excellent books that we'll hopefully talk about.
link |
You mentioned that Animal Farm had a big impact on you. It was the book that kind of
link |
led to a kind of awakening for you. Maybe can you describe what impact it had?
link |
So after going through what I went through, right, and I arrived in South Korea after many years of
link |
journey, they were saying, so Kim's were dictators. And South Korea is not colonized by American
link |
bastards. And Americans, first of all, not bastards. They're good people. And then they said everything
link |
that you believe in North Korea was a lie. It was a propaganda. Then at 15, I was thinking,
link |
so if everything that I believe was a lie, how do I know what you're telling me is not lie?
link |
That was so hard. How do I trust ever again? And I just, it was chaos in belief, right? I did not
link |
know what was true anymore. And that's the moment few years later, I read this book, like Animal Farm,
link |
just by mistake. It was a very short book in the library. I was like, okay, I can finish that quickly.
link |
And when that ending, that like last chapter, right, they could not see between the pigs and
link |
humans anymore, right? That sentence, I just understood everything what happened. I just
link |
made every sense to me what happened to me, my people, and to my country.
link |
Yeah, that there's, there's so many things that could say about that book. Yeah, there's a haunting
link |
nature to the end. And I guess spoiler alert, but you should have read this already. You're
link |
listening to this. At the end, the animals were looking to the humans and to the pigs and they
link |
couldn't see the difference. And then there's this kind of gradual transition from the initial
link |
revolutionary steps of animals fighting for their freedom to slowly the pigs gaining control went
link |
from four legs good, two legs bad, to four legs good, two legs better. It was even better, I think,
link |
something like that. They were so like gradually transitioning the ideology under which the farm
link |
operates. And I think the gradual nature of that, where basically you have generations born, not
link |
knowing how things were in the past. And that's, that's what makes the most kind of for me haunting
link |
transition from freedom to slavery to suffering to injustice, all those things. And the animals
link |
don't know they're part of that. And also for me personally, I always kind of found a kinship with
link |
Boxer, the horse, because I just kind of an idiot, I just work really hard. I just work hard. And I
link |
just love the idea of working hard for an ideal. And the tragic nature of, to the end, that horse
link |
Boxer working his ass off for, for the pride for others. But yeah, for the pride of the farm,
link |
you know, and then the pigs giving him sort of using that, but then just sending him to
link |
the slaughterhouse anyway, when he was no longer useful. I mean, there's so many tragic elements
link |
that echo everything I've seen in the Soviet Union. And many of the elements that you see
link |
in even harsher, more drastic way in North Korea, if there's something hopeful you pull from that book,
link |
like within the suffering, within the gradual decline, the taking away the freedom, there were
link |
still moments of beauty, it seemed like. It can be. But I think for me was when I was
link |
ending the last page of the book, until that point, I was angry towards the dictator. Why do you do
link |
this as a human being? I was so angry dreaming of killing him, right? Revenging my father,
link |
the people that he cared. But when I was ending the last chapter, actually, everybody was responsible
link |
to create this dystopia in my country. That animals, initial animals, when they're scared,
link |
when they receive the first execution, and then they were not doing their jobs, picking out and
link |
keep questioning. They had a question, and then the SNS, they see fear, they silence. Because
link |
of that, that's when I was like, my grandma knew life could be different. I think the one thing
link |
about North Koreans are unique is that they don't know they are oppressed. They don't know that they
link |
are slaves to the dictator. And the fact that other people know they're oppressed, like in America,
link |
a lot of people think they are oppressed, like you are not oppressed. You don't even know the
link |
definition of oppression. And like that's like when the new animals came, the new animals didn't
link |
even know what the life could be like. There's no alternative for them to compare even. And I was
link |
like, my grandmother knew. Why didn't they not do anything about it? And they were just scared.
link |
They kept silent, and everybody was responsible. So the people who knew were too afraid to say,
link |
right? And then there's people that just didn't even know. And I don't know what's more terrifying
link |
about human nature, looking at this group of people who are afraid to say that things could
link |
be otherwise. And then the group of people that don't even know it could be better.
link |
It's, uh, I don't know that this, that's the reason I've returned to that book often, because
link |
it's such maybe because it's interesting using animals to represent ideas that were very human.
link |
It almost allows you to explore the darkness of human nature without sort of being broken by it.
link |
So you mentioned anger. When I watch your interviews,
link |
you're really calm and collected, not just your interviews, you know, Instagram, the way you present
link |
yourself. You, um, I don't know. It seems like you're almost at peace with the world. Is there
link |
in private times when you're just angry? Do you feel fear? Do you go to dark places, depression,
link |
all those kinds of things? Are you, are you able to put that world that you were in behind you?
link |
It's a joke because I talk about North Korea every single day and I still rescue people like from
link |
China and Russia and other countries, right? And sometimes I'll rescue mission fears and they get
link |
captured and sent back. I still have people in North Korea report to me. So like when I talked to
link |
my sister who chose to not be in this life, activist life, she forgot most of things.
link |
And like for the other hand, I like to remember everything. So sometimes it's a, it's a blessing
link |
to keep reminded of how, because it's, you know, they say happiness is a relative thing. It is
link |
sometimes. I mean, the thing is also people say, because nobody was falling when you're going up,
link |
everybody was suffering, you should have been okay, right? But no, like if you are suffering
link |
or suffering in that degree, no matter even if there's no comparison, like if you're in Nazi
link |
German in the Holocaust, right? In the concentration camp, I'm sure nobody was better than them. I'm
link |
sure they were suffering. It's the same thing. I suffered. But now, because I'm in this place,
link |
I can't compare easily, right? Getting that perspective. But it is true. Like I still have
link |
days that I cannot get out of bed. And I really hoping like that where it was Elon Musk talking
link |
about downloading your brain, blah, blah. Like if maybe technology develops, that I can download
link |
some part of my memory and then I can erase your memory. And that would be so much better.
link |
This is a, sorry for the tough question, but if I came to you, if Elon came to you and said,
link |
we can erase that part of your memory, would you do it?
link |
Some days I would do it for sure. And my mom would do it 100%. My sister would do it.
link |
All other defectors know they do it 100%. For me, I will hesitate because I'm a witness.
link |
So if I delete that part, I don't know how real that can be. But it is painful. Like after I talk,
link |
give a speech, right? I mean, I'm fine. But somehow I'm depressed. Sometimes if the talk was very
link |
intense, I'm like depressed for three weeks. It takes a while for me to be recharged. But I don't
link |
know why it is, you know. I just don't know. Well, there's also the, and there's a guy named
link |
Victor Franco who wrote the book, Man Search for Meaning. And there's some aspect where, so he
link |
talks about the Holocaust and that you can, in those moments of suffering, still discover meaning,
link |
still discover happiness in the simplest of joys. Like while starving, you know, a little piece
link |
of bread could be a source of incredible joy. And there's some aspect in which that experience
link |
gives you a clarity about the world. Like somehow experiencing suffering allows you to deeply
link |
experience joy and love and also empathize with the suffering of others. And like, it's almost like,
link |
brings you closer to other humans. So it's this double edged sword that
link |
that the highest of joys sometimes are catalyzed by suffering. And it's hard to know what to do
link |
with that. You see that with World War II, the stories of soldiers that have suffered. But
link |
some of the closest bonds of brotherhood, of just pure love, was experienced by them.
link |
And it sucks that our brains are like this. You know, love requires hardship. I don't know why
link |
that is. Yeah, that's like, that's the thing. Of course, in my journey, I learned how to survive,
link |
right? Went to not trust and went to run. But I think most of I was keep learning what it means
link |
to be a human being. I think that was like the ultimate thing I was keep learning. And I still
link |
don't know fully what it means. But I do think it seems like suffering is necessary to stay for
link |
people to be grateful and even be joyful to sometimes. So I talk about love quite a bit.
link |
You mentioned that romantic love. I'm fascinated about love in many aspects. But you mentioned
link |
romantic love was forbidden in North Korea. What do you think about love now that you've kind of
link |
discovered it? What's the role of love in life? Why was it so why do you think it was forbidden in
link |
North Korea? So the tragic thing about North Korea is not only just banning Shakespeare,
link |
like we don't even know what Romeo and Juliet is, right? Our movies is never about love stories.
link |
But then also they ban the love between mother and daughter, wife and husband. And you know,
link |
and you between your friends, they deny you being a human. So only love that I knew was when I describe
link |
my feeling towards the leader and in a written form. That was the only love that people know in
link |
North Korea. And now I'm like, there are many loves you can experience. I mean, I think you
link |
definitely love science, right? But imagine that if you're being denied that. So there are so many
link |
loves in life, but in North Korea, all of those things are denied. And I think for me, love what
link |
makes you tick, like, you know, love for your child, love for your parents, love for your friends,
link |
love for even yourself, that is denied. So I mean, many people say like love is an option,
link |
but like, then why do you live? I think we live to love. And it doesn't have to be romantic love.
link |
It can be anything. But finding love in any person or in any subject, I think that's a goal. I think
link |
that's when people find the meaning in something. Yeah, I think love, romantic love is just one sort
link |
of part of it. One echo of the some core thing. Yeah, science, I love science, I love robots,
link |
all of those things. And it sounds like deliberately or not, the North Korean regime
link |
wants to channel that very deep aspect of the human spirit all towards the leader.
link |
Yeah, that's it. That's the only thing they allow us to fear and know about. So I remember,
link |
I mean, you read 1984 by George Orwell, it talks about double think and double speak,
link |
who controls the language, who controls thoughts. And while he does talk about as they go, they
link |
like eliminate a lot of words, right? Now, like later, one word can represent 10 different things.
link |
And like what fascinates me is like how many vocabulary meaning people can have. And like
link |
when I literally came out, remember when the San Francisco and someone came to me and hugged me,
link |
and then he was a guy like, oh, baby, don't worry, I'm gay. I was like, what the heck is gay? I
link |
don't know, right? And then they tried to go to a hotel and Google the gay. And I was like, oh,
link |
that's what you meant. And like that, like, they deny what that is. I'm sure there are gays in
link |
North Korea. I'm sure there is. But you don't know what it is. And like that, they eliminate words.
link |
So the fact that you know the concept, that is stays much better than and that that's the thing
link |
a lot of people like when you're born, you somehow know what justice is, what liberties and it's
link |
or somebody taught you that. And like that's the thing where people say, oh, humans are inherently
link |
know what is right, what is wrong, what is oppression. And like, you know, that's like BS.
link |
You got to learn. That's fascinating that words give rise to ideas. So like as a child,
link |
one of the ways to learn about justice and freedom is to first learn the word and then to ask, well,
link |
what is it? Yeah, the concept. Yeah. And if you don't have the word for it, then you never have the
link |
kind of first spark that leads to you trying to be curious about it. That's interesting and controlling
link |
the words. And then learning your thoughts. You control the thoughts. There's so many echoes.
link |
I mean, I have, it's a very different, but perhaps a very similar experience, which is the journey of
link |
my family through the Soviet Union. Because there is a love of country, there is a pride of the people.
link |
Yeah. Like you are proud of your family in general. Yeah. But I wonder how much of that is polluted
link |
by the propaganda. I think a lot, for sure. Yeah. It is here this day. I'm like, my father who died
link |
in China and he was tortured and then he died. He wanted to go back before his death, right? And
link |
then it's like, dad, if you go back, you're going to be executed. And it's like, I want to be executed.
link |
He wanted to go back to North Korea. To be executed. So he can be buried in his own land.
link |
And then his last wish was, if I die, criminate me and then bring my ashes back to my country.
link |
When I'm dead, I still want to be in my country. And this is a nationalism. This is a propaganda, right?
link |
But now, it's the same thing. It's the same thing. If I die, I somehow buried in my land.
link |
And I still feel like I'm the outsider. I'm always longing for my home. It's a horrible home.
link |
People say, what's your dream? Do you want to be a president? Do you want to run for office?
link |
I just want to go home. That's my dream, right? And people here don't get it ever.
link |
I don't know what to do with that. I love my country. And I think for me, my country is the United States.
link |
And perhaps it will be for you too one day.
link |
It is. I think it's becoming, the US has been a very special place in my heart. I think this is the first place.
link |
I felt like I feel like home. And I mean, I was in South Korea longer and I didn't feel that way.
link |
So I think we have very different life stories, but I think it's almost two different people.
link |
For me, it's the person that was in the Soviet Union, the person that's here. Those are two different people.
link |
That previous person's home in the Soviet Union. And he's part of me. And I suppose in that same way,
link |
your first maybe two decades of life are somehow longing for the home that is North Korea.
link |
And your next two decades of life might be finding a home in the United States.
link |
Your dad, can you tell the story of his struggle, of his death?
link |
Do you miss him? Do you think about him?
link |
You know, all the time. I had a son when I was 22 and I had IVF three times.
link |
And as you see, I'm like 80 pounds, but back then I was like 75 pounds.
link |
Because of my severe malnutrition, somehow my body is very different.
link |
And so after three times of IVF after 23, I was still wanting family.
link |
The reason I wanted him is because I felt so guilty for my father that he never seen this world.
link |
Somehow, when you're so desperate, you become illogical.
link |
Like, I want to believe in that I really can't, like Buddhist idea, right? You come back to life.
link |
And I prayed, please come to me like as my son, so I will take care of you. Like come back.
link |
And when I was pregnant with my son, even though I planted pregnant with a girl,
link |
doctor made a mistake. He became a boy.
link |
So I made his middle name, like my father's name, Jin Sik.
link |
I think he's the only North American God, North Korean name.
link |
So he's a part of your father's and your son?
link |
That's how I, that's how I make the sense of it. And that's how I move forward.
link |
Like if I, like as a logical human being, you, you know, when you're done, maybe that's what I at least used to think.
link |
But then life just become too unbearable.
link |
And somehow that's the thing, like we tell ourselves stories in order to live.
link |
And that's how I can read my title of the book in order to live.
link |
I had to tell myself a lot of stories to overcome a lot of things. I think I was a part of it.
link |
Can you tell the story of you escaping North Korea to China?
link |
Yeah, I think it's, it's amazing.
link |
Even though I was like 13, right? Like life outside of North Korea is almost like went by like one second.
link |
And my life till that point was like eternity.
link |
I remember being in China, I arrived there at the end of March at 13.
link |
And by October, it was six months past.
link |
And I literally felt like I lived eternity and one day living in China felt like living one year.
link |
One day was like surviving through one day was so hard.
link |
Every night I was like, I cannot believe I got done one day today.
link |
That was the thing why I was grateful for before I went to bed.
link |
Okay, I survived. I didn't get captured and I made another day on Earth.
link |
So the experience of the minutes is what? Fear? Fear of being captured?
link |
Fear, loss, everything.
link |
Because I mean, I saw my own mom in China to survive.
link |
So it was more than that. And it's not feeling. I think that's the thing.
link |
In China, I learned not to fear. And after my escape was a challenge, I didn't feel anything.
link |
And it was hard. Not feeling anything is a torture. It's the biggest torture you can ever feel.
link |
Like even you feel sadness, that's better than not feeling anything.
link |
And I felt something when I had my son. That's when I started healing.
link |
So he was a miracle to save me. But yeah, in China, it wasn't even fear. It was numb.
link |
You were numb. It was like paralysis. Just overwhelming.
link |
The uncertainty of your future. Did you have a sense what your future held at the time?
link |
What even future? I don't even know that word.
link |
A lot of times I was looking at myself. I left my body and just looking at me.
link |
And just not feeling anything. It's not like I'm scared of her. I'm sad for her.
link |
Just looking at me like, oh, that's interesting.
link |
Just not feeling anything. And me being raped, going through every emotion of life to survive.
link |
But somehow, I don't know if you say so or something.
link |
Looking at it, you feel nothing. You don't feel anything for that person.
link |
So even with your mom, was there some warmth that you were able to extract from the connection with your mom?
link |
Yeah, of course. I think that made me survive. I had a very strong connection with my family.
link |
And I think that's what kept me going to do all of that.
link |
I think, as you said, I escaped at 13. My sister, at the age of 16, escaped with her friend first.
link |
And I was going to escape with her. But one day I got like really bad stomach ache.
link |
And my parents took me to a hospital. And in North Korean hospitals, they don't have like X ray machines.
link |
They don't even have electricity. They like literally using one needle to inject everybody.
link |
And people don't die from cancer in North Korea. You die from infection and fever and hunger, right?
link |
Most likely you're going to die more by being treated by a doctor than not being treated.
link |
I think I was lucky. Even though they thought I had appendix, they operated on me without any painkillers.
link |
And I didn't get infection. I survived.
link |
So that's how I got delayed to escape with my sister.
link |
And she left me a note in my bedside saying, like, follow this lady.
link |
And this is like another trick about human trafficking rate.
link |
She sold me to China as a sexual slave. And she executed for it later.
link |
She was executed for that later.
link |
She had five daughters and she sold all her children to China.
link |
And we can now sitting here judging on like how hard it is you are selling your own children to China.
link |
And as a sexual slave, they were like her children were like seven, 10 years old.
link |
But that was the only way for her to save her children.
link |
And if she didn't serve me that day, I would be dead right now.
link |
So I'm grateful that she sold me.
link |
And I think that's the thing is life is so crazy. You cannot judge.
link |
It is so complex. And yeah, that's how she changed my life by selling me.
link |
She sold my mom and myself in 2007 to China.
link |
So you're grateful for that. You're grateful for that suffering.
link |
Of course I am grateful.
link |
Because the alternative is worse.
link |
I would not be here with you. You never knew what I just said.
link |
What do you make of the others suffering in the world today?
link |
The people there in North Korea.
link |
So that is part of your life's work is helping those people.
link |
What do you think about them? What should people know about them?
link |
I think that's when I get angry. Whenever I think about them.
link |
Who's your anger directed at?
link |
The heartlessness of people. The ignorance of people.
link |
So when I got out of North Korea, I went to all of them.
link |
And I went to South Korea one day. I was watching television.
link |
And there's like famous Korean Kpop stars crying and doing some fundraising concert.
link |
And I literally thought, oh my god, something is horribly going wrong in this country.
link |
Why are these people crying?
link |
It was a theory campaign. And then later it was showing that it was an animal rights campaign.
link |
To helping out cats and puppies in the shelters.
link |
Do you know anybody who has their tears like that? To another human being right now?
link |
Like no. People rather give millions of dollars to save some dolphins
link |
than saving these children right now being raped in China.
link |
And I think I love Elon Musk. I love these people who want to go to the moon, Mars.
link |
And people told them, yeah, we went to the moon. I did not know in North Korea.
link |
But I think that's what upsets me. Why there's not even one single human
link |
with that kind of brilliance in their brain?
link |
They can't save so much suffering, but nobody does anything.
link |
I think that's when I feel like hard to find hope in humanity.
link |
And that's when I get so upset.
link |
Because think about like even Biden or Trump or Obama.
link |
They know what's happening in North Korea exactly, right?
link |
We see satellite photos. There's public executions.
link |
I mean, the UN says this is a Holocaust happening again.
link |
And if the Holocaust is happening again, how are you okay doing nothing about it?
link |
But somehow humans are able to okay nothing, anything.
link |
And this is like, this is hard.
link |
Like when people say I'm going to change the world, I want to make a difference.
link |
It's hard to believe it, you know.
link |
Yeah, that we can turn our back to human suffering at scale when it's right in front of us.
link |
I mean, that makes you think about the Holocaust.
link |
Everybody was looking the other way.
link |
Because it was almost too hard to look at it.
link |
No, it's not. It's an easier thing.
link |
I was like here to speak at the South by Southwest a few years ago.
link |
And they were everybody talking about like Elon Musk project going to the moon, right?
link |
It's going to be more like species.
link |
Back then I didn't even know who it was.
link |
So if you're just trying to go out to this earth, you haven't even explored our earth yet.
link |
You cannot go to North Korea right now.
link |
You haven't explored that part of our planet.
link |
Can we do that first and then move on?
link |
Explore the landscape of human suffering, like alleviate suffering in the world.
link |
There's a lot of suffering happening in Africa that has to do with disease.
link |
And for some reason it's, even though we turn our back to that kind of suffering too,
link |
we still can try to do something about it.
link |
And there's still efforts in terms of healthcare, in terms of medicine,
link |
in terms of bioengineering, in terms of like all these efforts to help people from disease.
link |
But like that's almost like converting it into an engineering problem and trying to solve it.
link |
That somehow is easier for us humans.
link |
But when there's obvious sort of non disease related torture of humans, we look the other way.
link |
Whether it's China or it's North Korea.
link |
I mean that has to be changed somehow.
link |
We have to change that somehow.
link |
This is the thing right now, like China, they bring the Xinjiang Uighurs, right?
link |
They like say, oh, this vitamin take it and then it kills their sperm and make it not reproduce.
link |
Their birth rate gone down something 47 to something 50% in the one year time.
link |
It's a genocide in 21st century.
link |
And they get those people and get their like organs out.
link |
Imagine if there's some people who do that with cutie puppies and cats.
link |
There's gonna be insane amount of product, they're gonna destroy everything.
link |
And this is like a human nature that I don't get.
link |
Why there's so much anti human sentiment in this modern world?
link |
The fact that I was saying like the fact that you care about animals rights is beautiful.
link |
Because you care about something who cannot speak for themselves.
link |
The fact that we care about animals is because they cannot speak for themselves, right?
link |
They don't have that ability.
link |
And there are many people who cannot speak for themselves right now.
link |
And why do you refuse to be the voice for them?
link |
Because they are simply being a human.
link |
And maybe it connects to us not being proud of who we are.
link |
Like maybe I don't know what it is.
link |
Why do they deny humans this way?
link |
Maybe they don't like themselves.
link |
Yeah, it's almost...
link |
We would have to acknowledge some dark things about ourselves in order to start helping.
link |
What's the solution?
link |
So, I see two solutions.
link |
One is on the military side.
link |
It's assassination or the full on invasion.
link |
And then on the activism side, which is figuring out ways to...
link |
Like you said, sort of let people in North Korea understand their situation.
link |
Sort of from within, try to reform.
link |
Or maybe there's others.
link |
Obviously, there could be activism from the outside to build up momentum for the entirety of the world.
link |
Especially the world that is not just the United States or Europe, but also is Russia and China and so on.
link |
What are your ideas here?
link |
What we can do as individuals and as countries?
link |
I think the first thing that we can do is speak about Chinese law in this sponsoring dictatorship in North Korea.
link |
Like, I haven't had so much struggle talking about North Korea, right?
link |
They say, how North Korea is possible?
link |
Why is it like the way like this is?
link |
99% accountability going to CCP.
link |
Kim Jong Un cannot last without Chinese help even one week.
link |
This is completely funded.
link |
This Holocaust is funded by CCP.
link |
But if you talk about in the mainstream, of course, they don't buy it.
link |
And I think it's in a way, North Korea is a lot easier to solve than even in the Middle East.
link |
There's nothing conflict like between people.
link |
There's no ideology, no religion, nothing.
link |
People are peaceful, right?
link |
There's not even one civil...
link |
Like any discontent among the people.
link |
All problem is, there's a dictator funded by the second economic power in the world.
link |
And even any military, they know if they kill Kim Jong Un, they're going to get killed by Chinese.
link |
Nobody can dare to stand up against Kim Jong Un because China is backing it.
link |
So somehow, here in the West, we collectively acknowledging that China is the responsible person for these crimes against humanity in North Korea.
link |
Then we can somehow...
link |
Stand up to China.
link |
We're failing to do that in a way in all kinds of avenues of life, of public life.
link |
Because for many reasons, they're probably primarily financial.
link |
I don't know, maybe you can correct me.
link |
I'm against sort of making China this evil enemy.
link |
Because I've seen this with Russia as well.
link |
And I don't think that leads to progress.
link |
I think you want to highlight...
link |
You basically want to help the Chinese people become the best version of themselves.
link |
So speak to the Chinese people and not making the leaders of China into these caricatures of devils.
link |
I feel like the Cold War, the way it was done in Russia, I just...
link |
For both sides, they were caricaturing each other through propaganda and the result was not productive at all.
link |
It did not help Russia become the best country it could be.
link |
It did not help America become the best country it could be.
link |
And the same thing with China, I feel like making them into this enemy,
link |
like being afraid of China, making them into the thing that's going to spy on us,
link |
that's going to destroy the rest of the world,
link |
that's not going to help China reform themselves.
link |
They're going to plant their feet.
link |
The dictators, the evil people, will become more evil.
link |
The power of Hungary will become more...
link |
They will centralize the power more.
link |
Maybe naive, but it feels like it should be...
link |
Again, love, not violence that solves this thing.
link |
Now, of course, in North Korea, it's like long gone.
link |
80 years, almost 80 years.
link |
Love is not going to solve that problem.
link |
I mean, I don't... It's very difficult.
link |
They have tried that.
link |
Because of the sunshine policy, which is there's two people walking down the street,
link |
and the sun and the wind made a battle.
link |
So who can take off that man take off jacket?
link |
So wind tried to blow as much air as he could,
link |
and then that man was like putting more like his jacket on, right?
link |
But sunshine came, okay, I'm going to give him a lot of warmth,
link |
and then he took his jacket out and came out.
link |
So that was the theory.
link |
Let's give North Korea as much love they want.
link |
Let's give them a lot of money, whatever they want.
link |
Let's give to them.
link |
Do they know that we are not here to attack them?
link |
And North Korea, what they did was the guy who did the sunshine policy in South Korea
link |
named Kim Dae Joon won the Nobel Peace Prize for that.
link |
And Kim Jong Il used the money to build new Korean weapons.
link |
So that's how they came with the nukes.
link |
So I think that's the thing.
link |
I hope your love solves problems.
link |
But there's got to be a way, and the hope is with the 21st century,
link |
you can directly speak to the people somehow.
link |
When there's no internet, when there's nothing like that, it's hopeless.
link |
I think China, there's a hope that China is still connected to the internet.
link |
I love your optimism.
link |
I have seen the actual dark side of China on the underground.
link |
I think that's the thing.
link |
People in the West, right?
link |
They say, oh, how can it be that bad?
link |
They ask me, like, I'm walking past this young teenager man
link |
and native the world with my sister.
link |
He's, like, intestine coming out through his back, right?
link |
And even in that moment, what he wanted was, please give me food.
link |
His intestine is hanging out of his body.
link |
He asked me for food.
link |
Do you know what humans demand when they die in North Korea?
link |
All they want is eating, right?
link |
And people say, oh, nothing can be that bad.
link |
But people just here haven't seen an actual true evil.
link |
Would you say that the evil comes from a tiny minority of people,
link |
or is it permeate much larger parts of the population?
link |
Like, if we look at sex trafficking,
link |
how many people...
link |
Like, is it 99.9% of the people are longing to do good in the world?
link |
Or do we all have the capacity for evil in certain kind of environment,
link |
certain kind of governmental structures inspire a large part of the population
link |
I think humans are capable of anything.
link |
There's no exception.
link |
I don't think there's anything to bomb with that morality.
link |
I think in North Korea, you can say initially that there's few guys in the top
link |
wanting the power and then doing this.
link |
But eventually it made a society where people don't even know what compassion is.
link |
We don't know the concept of...
link |
We don't know that you need to feel bad for another human being when they're suffering.
link |
The fact that you know compassion is in your knowledge.
link |
That's why you do that.
link |
Humans need to learn.
link |
It's not anything bad about human nature.
link |
It's just saying humans are capable of everything.
link |
We are the most adaptable species on the planet.
link |
That's why we created the internet, like talking this way, right?
link |
No other animals have done it because we are so adaptable.
link |
That is a good thing and that's a bad thing.
link |
In that adaptable situation, during the Holocaust, those people,
link |
they could have been capable of good too if they were exposed to different systems.
link |
That's why when people underestimate evil, that's what scares me.
link |
It's a different thing.
link |
It's a completely different thing.
link |
Of course, I get your idea. We don't want to isolate 1.3 billion human beings on Earth by Chinese.
link |
The thing is, we are talking about this regime, not the people.
link |
I love Chinese people. I speak Chinese.
link |
I love all about that country, but this system does promote evil.
link |
That's an optimistic view, actually, because we can fix systems.
link |
It's hard to fix people.
link |
If we fix systems, then the people are adaptable, as you said.
link |
The question is, first of all, you have to talk about it just as you're doing.
link |
You're right now like this little flame that burns bright and it's really important for North Korea.
link |
Just keep talking about it until hopefully it leads to, at the highest levels of power,
link |
revolutionizing the systems in the world and then in China and in North Korea.
link |
Do you see North Korea being a potential instigator of a nuclear war?
link |
They will not start a nuclear war as long as they can do whatever they want right now.
link |
North Korea's army not designed to fight the enemy.
link |
They designed to prevent their own people, the Kuteta and the revolution with their own citizens.
link |
That is 1.6 million North Korea with a tiny country, the fourth largest army in the world.
link |
This country designed to fight their own citizens.
link |
The army, the fourth largest in the world, is designed to basically fight its own people.
link |
Oppress their own people. That's what North Korea military is about.
link |
Okay, let me ask you some aspects about North Korean life.
link |
Can you describe the Songbun system of ascribed status used in North Korea?
link |
Yeah, so that's a very interesting thing.
link |
Right now there are a lot of people playing with this ideology of democratic socialism, socialism, communism, whatever you call it,
link |
Marxism, Leninism, right?
link |
They have all these similar features where we give collective power to a certain entity.
link |
And they will make the decision for the bigger good, right?
link |
And North Korea came up with the idea, the Kim Il Sung.
link |
He was the Leninist, he was a Marxist, saying,
link |
I'm going to create the most equal society on human face.
link |
So it was a communist North Korea.
link |
And then they came up with this Songbun system, it's like family caste system.
link |
Three big categories, warrior, wavering and hostile.
link |
And that in between three classes, they divide into 50 different classes.
link |
So a lot of people don't even know which exact class you belong to.
link |
That's a secret government document.
link |
And that's how they decided your future.
link |
So in North Korea, before you were born, your life is determined for you.
link |
And this is almost a joke, right?
link |
They dreamed of creating the most equal society.
link |
They ended up with becoming the most unequal society in the face of humanity.
link |
So there are 50 different classes and where the one guy on the top became a god.
link |
So when this animal farm, as we keep saying,
link |
all the animals are equal and some are more equal than others.
link |
But it's not only, it's just more equal.
link |
One guy in North Korea became a god.
link |
So North Korea was born out of Marxist ideals?
link |
Can you comment on Juche ideology, which seems to be its own kind of socialism,
link |
but with unique aspects here, it really does ideologically
link |
says the importance of having a great leader.
link |
Is there some interesting similarities or differences that you can comment on
link |
between other implementations of communism throughout history?
link |
The Soviet Union, China, elsewhere?
link |
So Juche is very unique.
link |
It came around the 90s after the Soviet Union collapsed.
link |
So before that, North Korea was very still loyal to the Marxism and Leninism,
link |
which the state takes care of you.
link |
We are going to give you the right education, health care, your livelihood.
link |
Everybody is going to be equal.
link |
You're going to have in the working collective farm, collective workplace.
link |
Everybody collectively do things together and let's work for the paradise.
link |
But 1991, the Soviet Union collapsed.
link |
And until then, North Korea was heavily subsidized by Soviet Union's aid.
link |
And then Soviet Union didn't give them anything.
link |
So not three million people dying on the streets.
link |
The regime then came up with the idea,
link |
okay, our goal is what is successful for us is keeping the 10% of population alive,
link |
which is in the capital Pyongyang.
link |
So they designed the hunger games.
link |
There is a capital, 13 other districts.
link |
Everybody on the countryside on purpose being starved.
link |
So those people who are starving cannot thinking about meaning of life,
link |
cannot thinking about shooting to the moon.
link |
They're not going to think about anything.
link |
Or they're going to think it's like finding next meal.
link |
All on purpose. It's man made famine.
link |
International community was begging to give North Korea food.
link |
Why not still at the UN? They beg to give North Korea formula, medicine and food.
link |
They are begging, can you please feed your people?
link |
And Kim Jong Un said, no, thank you.
link |
Last year, when North Korea had a horrible, horrible flooding,
link |
South Korean president begging,
link |
can you get, can I give you please some medicines?
link |
Because he wants to be the one provider.
link |
He doesn't want people to think other people giving him the thing.
link |
So on purpose, other people starving.
link |
And the Juche idea is that's when you're coming from.
link |
So until that communism was about like status being a father figure.
link |
Take care of all your needs, right?
link |
Give the power to us and you're all good.
link |
But North Korea regime said, okay, now we cannot give people's ration.
link |
So which means Juche means self reliance.
link |
You need to take care of yourself while you're giving every right to us.
link |
So now in the 90s, the regime told us,
link |
okay, we are not gonna give you ration.
link |
You cannot trade, that's illegal.
link |
But you find your own way to survive.
link |
So be self reliant.
link |
That's what Juche is.
link |
And you know, but when you're a god, you can do whatever you want.
link |
You don't need to make a sense.
link |
That's the difference being a god and being a leader.
link |
And when it is religion, it's not forceifiable.
link |
You cannot challenge it.
link |
God's way is suspicious.
link |
God works in a mysterious way.
link |
So when you're a god, people are not gonna say, oh, this doesn't make sense, right?
link |
You're gonna, okay, whatever God says, as a human being, we can never challenge this thought.
link |
It's unbelievable what regimes can do.
link |
There's something about famine, you know, that is another level of evil to me.
link |
You know what Stalin did in Ukraine in the 30s?
link |
This is what torture is.
link |
North Korea too, they are humans.
link |
Right now, in 21st century, 7 billion people on this earth right now.
link |
You make enough for 10 billion people, nobody should be starving right now.
link |
It's worrisome to me.
link |
The humanity is moving forward with technological advances, blah, blah.
link |
We are going so fast in advancement.
link |
And we are living this like 25 million human beings in the cage, completely leaving them behind.
link |
And North Korea is living like 16 centuries.
link |
I never, like this morning I was taking a shower, beautiful shower.
link |
I never knew what shower was.
link |
I was bathing a few times a year, going to the river.
link |
How do I even know what shampoo is?
link |
And this is how human beings in 21st century are living.
link |
And it doesn't bother us, and rather, most people are obsessed with being a vegan.
link |
And like, how do you reconcile this?
link |
I think we get used to stuff very quickly.
link |
We get used to comforts.
link |
That's just the way of human life.
link |
You take the beautiful things for granted.
link |
So I try to appreciate everything I have, so whether it's like the food I have now,
link |
or like the luxury to have a diet and be struggling with that,
link |
or just the basic simple moments of being alive with the people I love.
link |
Or actually I get like, I think I'm on drugs all the time,
link |
because I feel like just even like the smog, everything on this table just brings me joy.
link |
But like, filling your life with joy in the full capitalistic American way,
link |
you can still, at the same time, not feel too bad about yourself,
link |
and still focus on the suffering in the world.
link |
And I think there's some way that in trying to build a better world in America,
link |
it has ripple effects elsewhere.
link |
Sort of like, so I'm a fan of rockets in space.
link |
It sounds perhaps counterintuitive,
link |
but sending rockets to space will help solve the North Korea a problem,
link |
because it lets people dream and build cool stuff.
link |
So it's not the rocket, it's the other people that like are inspired by the rocket
link |
and then look to other problems in the world.
link |
I mean, that's what Elon did is like, he saw problems in the world
link |
and saw like, what can I do to help it?
link |
And I think the North Korea one is a tough one now,
link |
because that ultimately has to do with revolutionizing government.
link |
We gotta change China.
link |
That's what it takes.
link |
Changing China's communist party is impossible.
link |
That's why we couldn't solve North Korea for that many decades.
link |
For now it's China, but it's Russia.
link |
It's certain aspects of the United States and struggling with that.
link |
There's a bunch of technologies that are striving at this.
link |
For example, I don't know what your thoughts about cryptocurrencies.
link |
So there's an idea that money could be a way to destroy
link |
or to challenge the power centers of the world.
link |
So if you take away the power from fiat currency
link |
and give it to this thing that can't be controlled by government,
link |
this cryptocurrency, whether it's Bitcoin, Ethereum, all those kinds of things,
link |
that's a way to get money into the hands of people
link |
to where the government can't take that money away.
link |
But North Koreans don't have electricity, no internet.
link |
So we can do that with China.
link |
We can do it with a lot of African dictatorship countries, right?
link |
I do think cryptocurrency is such a fascinating technology, right?
link |
I think this is an amazing experiment.
link |
When the power is in our hands, I'm the huge out of game believer.
link |
But I think North Korea is too behind, you know?
link |
I think that's what is unique about North Korea is that most of the things that we talk about
link |
is different planet, literally.
link |
The common law that we have is now applicable.
link |
What about Kim Jong Un?
link |
Kim Jong Un, yeah.
link |
Is he intentionally evil or is he mindlessly propagating an evil system
link |
created by his ancestors?
link |
What's your sense of the man?
link |
So with Kim Jong Un, I can give him more benefit of that.
link |
He was an initial true believer of communism.
link |
But then as later he gained the power, he realized,
link |
I think back then he thought most of the people are done,
link |
like individual's done, so therefore I need to make a decision for all of you.
link |
That pure arrogance came from out of him.
link |
Even that I can tolerate, okay?
link |
And Kim Jong Un, who never like, yeah, fine, he grew up in that system too.
link |
But Kim Jong Un is very unique.
link |
This guy was educated in Switzerland in the heart of democracy.
link |
He knew how human beings should be treated.
link |
As a child he went.
link |
When you're a child, your brain is very susceptible.
link |
You change anybody.
link |
Like why the man was so obsessed with changing young people's minds.
link |
Like that's every revolutionary they do, right?
link |
They go change young people's minds first.
link |
This guy was so obsessed with power, him being a god.
link |
Even starting in Switzerland didn't change him.
link |
And that's why I think that's a pure evil.
link |
You know, I can give him more benefit of that to his grandfather and father.
link |
But when it comes to Kim Jong Un, this is like what pure evil looks like.
link |
Pure selfish being.
link |
That's what it looks like.
link |
Is there some sense where he's justifying everything he's doing to himself?
link |
Or do you think there's a psychopathic aspect to where he enjoys the suffering?
link |
I think in his life, I read a lot of North Korea, a lot of CIA documents,
link |
a lot of intelligence people who worked there,
link |
and even worked in North Korea and type illicit and escaped.
link |
I could hear about them.
link |
So Kim Jong Un, when they're born, they treat like gods.
link |
So they never have a sense of them being a human.
link |
They're like equal with others.
link |
For them, we are just any kind of tool.
link |
Like that one, Napoleon like thing does, right?
link |
Anybody is a tool.
link |
Like once boxer dies, get him slaughtered for my cause.
link |
And they do not even feel guilty about it,
link |
because they don't view us that you deserve your worthy of it.
link |
Yeah, that's right.
link |
So it's not like he even feels, he doesn't even recognize that's a suffering.
link |
Like of course you, this is what you do serving me, because I am this.
link |
So I think that's like beyond that.
link |
It's not like suffering is enters his mind.
link |
He doesn't even think what we go through.
link |
So he thinks of himself as a God.
link |
And then everybody else is just tools that they're disposable.
link |
There was rumors several times of him dying.
link |
Do you think he is, obviously his health is not good.
link |
Do you think he will die soon?
link |
What happens if Kim Jong Un dies?
link |
Well, when it comes to North Korea, anybody knows what Kim Jong Un does.
link |
I'm sure CIA knows, but they may never reveal that.
link |
CIA has enough intelligence to can tell where Kim Jong Un is, what he's doing.
link |
They just don't assassinate him because they don't see the means of it right now.
link |
Do you think they can't assassinate him?
link |
They do have ability to assassinate him.
link |
Why the hell do they not assassinate him?
link |
Because they don't care.
link |
They don't care about the suffering of 25 million people.
link |
They gotta pay the price.
link |
If they assassinate Kim Jong Un, they gotta pay the price afterwards.
link |
There'll be financial, there'll be political price to pay.
link |
It'll anger China.
link |
That is a huge piece for them.
link |
And then they'll have to deal.
link |
Obviously there'll be financial military consequences of having to deal with the turmoil, the uncertainty,
link |
the revolutions that will spring up.
link |
That's why they don't want to take that risk.
link |
They don't want to do anything.
link |
The U.S. now became very passive when they pursued these moral values to the rest of the world.
link |
They did the same thing with the Holocaust in the early days, actually.
link |
And that's what their policy has always been.
link |
So if Kim Jong Un dies, it's gonna be very hard for North Korea to replace anybody in his position
link |
because Kim's is a brand.
link |
It's not just a leader for us, right?
link |
Whenever we think of Kim, who came with my mind.
link |
Like who's like almost God figure.
link |
The North Korea is the number 10 religions in the world.
link |
They copy the Bible.
link |
So if you believe that, if there are people believing that God and just Christ,
link |
how do you not believe that North Korea believe in the same thing?
link |
So Kim Il Sung's grandfather and his parents were devout Christians.
link |
So Kim Il Sung grew up this Christian like word versus.
link |
So when he found his country, he said,
link |
I love my people so much that I'm giving you my son Kim Jong Il.
link |
His body dies, but his spirit with us forever.
link |
Who can know how many here I have, what I think.
link |
And when we suffer, we go to paradise, really.
link |
And when you block every single information going into country, of course people will not believe it.
link |
So who would be the successor if he dies?
link |
He has a son, first son born 2009 and not old enough if he dies now.
link |
So either his sister might rule for a short amount of time as not like a leader,
link |
but like temporary placement.
link |
And then when the son is older enough, he might take it off.
link |
This is a kingdom that's most likely.
link |
And China will do everything they can to maintain that status quo for the North Korean regime.
link |
So North Korean people have no option here.
link |
We just need some leader to courageously come up and do the right thing.
link |
So we can't just wait this out?
link |
It's not something going to take its course and not going to change.
link |
Like we not even know that economic freedom does not bring political freedom.
link |
That's the unique thing about freedom.
link |
You got to fight for it.
link |
Otherwise you don't never get it.
link |
Freedom is something has to be fought.
link |
And if nobody fighting for freedom, it's not going to be there.
link |
Can we talk a little bit about freedom?
link |
What does it mean to you?
link |
Having had, we talked about love in the same way about freedom.
link |
Having sort of discovered it later in life.
link |
What does it mean to you?
link |
I think every day I get new definition of freedom.
link |
It is a never ending journey having this relationship with being free.
link |
And what it means to be free, right?
link |
I think you definitely can live life without being free and also happy life too.
link |
I saw a lot of North Korean elites who were fat and have power but didn't have freedom or very happy.
link |
In a way, happier than the people that I found in New York or investment bankers and consultants in Manhattan.
link |
And 70% of them go talk to therapists.
link |
I was very confused.
link |
I remember writing my book in New York.
link |
My editor was saying, you know, you're traumatized.
link |
You need to go talk to therapists.
link |
And I was like, what is therapy?
link |
Because in North Korea, they don't have word for stress or trauma.
link |
Because how can you be stressed in a socialist paradise?
link |
So they don't let you be knowing what that is.
link |
And then they were like, yeah, here in people having problems, go talk to therapists.
link |
And I was like, how much is it?
link |
I give them $200 per hour.
link |
And it discounted rate too.
link |
I was like, no, thank you.
link |
I was like, you know.
link |
And we know that freedom comes with responsibility.
link |
And in a way, it's not that easy to be free.
link |
Thinking for yourself constantly.
link |
Like when you, in a way, I understand, like, let's give government every power we have.
link |
Let them decide what education that I get.
link |
Let them decide where I live.
link |
Like, you know, let someone figure that out for me.
link |
And that's how North Korea began.
link |
Hoping the government is going to represent my own interests.
link |
Believing that they were good.
link |
And with that benefit of that and good faith, it began the nightmare, right?
link |
So freedom is not like a gateway to be happy at all.
link |
In a way, it can make life a lot more complex.
link |
But then it's fun, isn't it?
link |
You start thinking for yourself.
link |
You start making mistakes.
link |
And it's so fun to be free, even though you can be suffering way more than the people who are not free.
link |
The thing about freedom is when you have freedom,
link |
you also have the responsibility for your actions.
link |
And that could be a huge burden.
link |
Because if you succeed, it's you.
link |
But if you fail, it's you.
link |
And if you do horrible things, it's you.
link |
If you don't do something, for example, if you don't help people in North Korea, it's you.
link |
And that's a huge burden.
link |
And living with that burden is a kind of suffering.
link |
I mean, there's some aspect in which freedom is suffering.
link |
Because life is suffering.
link |
And then freedom is you as an individual fully living through that.
link |
So you talked, you're friends with Michael Malis.
link |
He believes, and so I want to kind of ask you about government.
link |
He believes he's an anarchist.
link |
And he believes kind of in,
link |
freedom fully implemented in human societies, meaning that humans should all be free
link |
to choose how they transact with each other, how they live together.
link |
There shouldn't be a centralized force that tells you what to do.
link |
Do you think there's some role for government in a healthy society?
link |
If we look at North Korea, there's the most horrible implementation of government.
link |
But then if we look at what the United States strives to be, at least in principle,
link |
there's an ideal of a government that represents the people and helps the people.
link |
Is there a place for that kind of ideal?
link |
Or is government always going to get us into trouble?
link |
I mean, I spoke to Michael Malis, I kept asking why he's anarchist, right?
link |
And he doesn't believe in military, none of it.
link |
And I was like, I don't think I want to be in that world.
link |
You're describing.
link |
That's pretty scary.
link |
I want the law enforcement.
link |
I want like, I don't...
link |
So why equality makes no sense is that the fact that when you and I were born,
link |
we were born in a very different capability of thinking, different intelligence,
link |
different capability in our physics, right?
link |
So equality is nonsense.
link |
You can never achieve that, right?
link |
So to me, that's when it's very scary.
link |
When the government tries to enforce...
link |
To make equality on everybody.
link |
That is impossible.
link |
Specifically, equality of outcomes.
link |
So given that we all start at different places,
link |
enforce, like, measure in some kind of way where people stand.
link |
And if they're an equal, enforce equality.
link |
And that's what leads to the kind of things that you mentioned with the class system
link |
So I think that's why government can be bad.
link |
They can be very dumb.
link |
Another thing is that they cannot know what you want.
link |
A lot of times, people don't even know what they want in the vision.
link |
Like, how the heck do you assume government is going to know what is best for you?
link |
We just all do our best.
link |
I do think that some governments, like, in Switzerland,
link |
you know, have more...
link |
Give power to the different states.
link |
I think I'm more, you know, like, giving power to the state.
link |
And let individuals decide where they want to go in within states.
link |
Like, I mean, why did you choose Texas, right?
link |
There's no income tax, right?
link |
There's a lot of things people find Texas, like, you know, charming, and they come here.
link |
So in a way that I don't want to be in a one strong government
link |
that makes every single thing the same way.
link |
In a way, I want to kind of experiment with everything.
link |
We can have anarchy state.
link |
There's no police, nothing going on.
link |
You can be whatever you want.
link |
And you can go on a state where it's like,
link |
abortion is bad, blah, blah, this is bad, all those conservative values.
link |
And let the ideas compete and let them how they are being practiced in real life.
link |
But I think it's very scary when the US government is getting bigger and bigger
link |
and then they try to, you know, make every state under one big government.
link |
And that's like when I get really alarmed.
link |
Are there things that you see in the United States in the current culture
link |
that kind of has echoes of the same things you saw in North Korea that worry you that much?
link |
Absolutely. It's in America now, the meritocracy doesn't matter, right?
link |
That white man's idea of like talking about if you're competent enough,
link |
it's like, oh, if you're coming from rich white family, you are going to be competent.
link |
So other people don't have a chance but look at Asians who came from nothing as competent
link |
and go to like Harvard Law School and medical school.
link |
So it doesn't, it's like there's no incentive for you to work hard anymore in the system right now.
link |
That is North Korea, there's no incentive because you're born with your class already.
link |
So no matter what you do, you can never.
link |
The horrible thing about North Korean system is that there's nothing even holding Mary up.
link |
So if you're coming from other cultures that like make a market join the royal family
link |
and she became a royal, you go up.
link |
But in North Korea, if someone from high class is going to marry somebody down,
link |
you only go down with them.
link |
That's how they prevent classmates.
link |
Right. That kind of enforces the separation because there's like huge disincentives to go to marry,
link |
to integrate between classes.
link |
What do you do about this kind of, you know, especially in universities, but in companies,
link |
I'm thinking about starting a company, so I'm looking at this very carefully.
link |
There's these ideas of diversity and meritocracy that's a tension.
link |
So I think there's a big way in which diversity broadly defined is not at all in tension with meritocracy.
link |
So having a variety of people backgrounds, way of thinking, all those kinds of things is a huge benefit to any group.
link |
But the way diversity is often defined is by sort of very crude classes of people,
link |
whether it's by skin color or gender or some very kind of large group way.
link |
And that actually does two things in my mind.
link |
One, it drowns out real diversity, or not real, but the full spectrum of diversity,
link |
which is like within class diversity of like, are you somebody who is,
link |
are you somebody who's exceptionally good at mathematics?
link |
Are you somebody who's exceptionally good at psychology?
link |
Are you good with people?
link |
Are you good with numbers?
link |
All that kind of stuff that I think spans or intersects in fascinating ways with these kinds of groups.
link |
So that's diversity.
link |
And then meritocracy is this thing that probably the reason I wanted to move to Silicon Valley
link |
and the reason I didn't is like having a fire to change the world within you.
link |
Like meritocracy is like, I want to be the best in the world at this.
link |
And I will strive and work hard, not stepping on others, but like purely within yourself,
link |
be the best version of yourself.
link |
That idea is in some ways being not celebrated or demonized.
link |
It's literally meritocracy is being demonized right now in America.
link |
Working hard is a symbol of you coming from some established family.
link |
The fact that you celebrate accomplishment, hard work is a sign of your patriarchy,
link |
or whatever thing they call it.
link |
And they want to abolish that.
link |
They want to like stop giving kids grades.
link |
That's what they're already doing, right?
link |
They want to stop.
link |
We should abolish like SAT in America they take to go to college, right?
link |
They won't even abolish that.
link |
Yeah, some kids have no ability to do math.
link |
So why do we have to force them to learn math?
link |
And that's what comes with humans overcome challenges.
link |
That's what makes us special.
link |
But then like because these kids coming from this family, let's find the reason why they cannot.
link |
And then they don't have to do that thing.
link |
But they still deserve the same job.
link |
They need to be a lawyer and doctors.
link |
And that's like what in North Korea was like not, there was not even meritocracy.
link |
Did you go in the same family, the family, the blood, right?
link |
Like if one person does something wrong, it's like collective guilt.
link |
Because I spoke out, three generations of my family got punished, who are left behind.
link |
And then in America, I see the same thing.
link |
Like if you're somehow great, great grandfather on the slave, now you are privileged and you're guilty.
link |
Because you are white and guilty.
link |
But how do you change your ancestor?
link |
How did you have a saying on it?
link |
And that is where there's no way out.
link |
There's no forgiving, there's no moving forward.
link |
And this current culture in America now, like I remember at Columbia, like before class, everybody had to go round of saying,
link |
tell us what your pronoun is.
link |
And my English, my third language I learned as an adult.
link |
Even saying he and she, I'm confused.
link |
But this is a pure mistake. And they say, call me day, because I'm gender fluid.
link |
Basically, I can be a girl.
link |
But next hour, you talk to me, I'm a boy, right?
link |
And if you don't do it right, they look at you, why are you big?
link |
It makes me so nervous.
link |
And this is where I come to, this is a regression of civilization.
link |
We are regressing as a humanity here.
link |
Like the enlightenment, all of those things made us so much brighter and looking forward.
link |
And now we are going backwards.
link |
Well, I think there's a pendulum aspect to it, because it's my hope in terms of backwards.
link |
So pendulum goes backwards too, but it just goes back and forth, I think.
link |
And then in the long arc of history, we're making progress.
link |
I think all of the discussions of diversity and inclusion and all those kinds of things,
link |
I always thought that they're healthy in moderation, right?
link |
There should be a small part of the conversation amongst other things.
link |
The natural aspect, it seems that they kind of have this way of just consuming all conversations.
link |
It's like the meetings, like diversity and inclusion meetings multiplies somehow,
link |
where it's like the only thing that you're talking about.
link |
And it's very kind of absurd.
link |
And when I look at, even at MIT, it's a strangely disproportionate amount of discussions about that.
link |
And also to me as an engineer, those discussions are very frustrating,
link |
because they don't seem to actually do anything.
link |
So they want to bully people instead of creating systems that fix definitive problems.
link |
And that in itself, that kind of bullying, that's the same kind of thing you saw
link |
in terms of McCarthyism in America against the communists.
link |
You certainly saw that in Soviet Union against everybody who's not communist.
link |
It creates hate, not progress.
link |
When you talk to Jordan Peterson recently and people should listen to that conversation,
link |
it wasn't fascinating anyone.
link |
I think he almost got emotional on the discussion about universities
link |
and your experience with Columbia, because he, like myself, for perhaps different reasons,
link |
have a hope for our academic institutions.
link |
Some of the most incredible people, some of the most incredible engineering
link |
and idea development innovations happens in universities.
link |
So we both deeply care about them.
link |
Is there something...
link |
So the reason he got emotional, the reason he was kind of hurt is the fact that you did not...
link |
You were not deeply inspired by your experience.
link |
It made me dumber.
link |
It made me scared.
link |
It made me terrified that I had to censor myself in America.
link |
Are you seriously telling me that you don't ever censor yourself?
link |
Can you truly say what we want about race, about anything, gender?
link |
We all censor ourselves.
link |
We are all doing that.
link |
And that's what I learned.
link |
I thought I was coming to a country where I never needed that.
link |
The first thing my mom taught me growing up in North Korea was,
link |
don't even whisper because the birds and mice could hear you.
link |
And I thought, okay, now America is truly the land of the free home of the brave.
link |
You can say anything you want.
link |
And then you have freedom to change your mind and evolve.
link |
But the people now demand you to be the perfect version they demand you to be.
link |
You cannot change your mind.
link |
And then what is the meaning of life?
link |
You should feel safe to talk about anything and then later, okay, I was wrong.
link |
But now if you do that, you got to get penalized for it.
link |
I mean, censorship is a funny thing because you probably should not say dumb things.
link |
You should try to say things you want to say in the most eloquent, the most effective way you can.
link |
I mean, that's what editing is, right?
link |
So there's some level of being careful with what you say,
link |
because you're afraid of some overarching kind of group of bullies,
link |
but you want to be the best version of yourself when you express stuff.
link |
But there's some sense where in the university setting,
link |
you can put that self sense you should like level down more and say stupid stuff and explain and play,
link |
because you should be forgiven for that kind of play,
link |
especially when you're discussing difficult aspects of human history,
link |
whether that include racism, that include atrocities.
link |
I'm still nevertheless sort of hopeful, but at the same time, I'm surrounded by engineers.
link |
So I don't get to interact with people in humanities much.
link |
And it seems like there's getting worse.
link |
It's a good thing.
link |
It's a good thing.
link |
Well, I do sort of interact with psychologists, but they haven't touched on those kinds of topics yet.
link |
I still sort of in defense of psychology, I still, I wish I had more numbers,
link |
but I still feel like most psychology people don't partake in this kind of stuff either.
link |
They're just doing excellent research.
link |
We're just highlighting, this is what America does well,
link |
you're kind of highlighting anecdotal experiences and making a big deal out of them.
link |
But that's good because it's a slippery slope.
link |
If those things start to overtake all of academia,
link |
it starts becoming a big problem even in the engineering field.
link |
So we should be concerned.
link |
But it is truly tragic that somebody who's exceptionally well read like you,
link |
whose fire was stoked first with Orwell, that fire should burn bright.
link |
This should not be, you should be writing many books.
link |
You talk to Jordan, it's very possible, depending on what you want to do with your life,
link |
that you'll be a future Jordan Peterson.
link |
And Columbia should be a place that enriches your mind.
link |
And the fact that it didn't is tragic.
link |
I was there four years.
link |
It wasn't like I had one class that was bad in one semester.
link |
That was the thing when Dr. Peer was asking, is there any one class
link |
that had no sentiment of this virtue signaling politically right?
link |
Entire course, I think I took 126 credits total.
link |
Not even one class.
link |
It doesn't matter we were talking about classic art and that's the thing.
link |
I literally thought, okay, I pushed the last semester to the core like the art and music, right?
link |
I thought this is going to be the least politically correct class I can take.
link |
And then it begins with who has problem with calling this course
link |
the Western Civilization of Art and Music.
link |
And it was raising their hands.
link |
Because why do we have to learn about this better than Mozart, the bigots,
link |
or the people, like everything ruined by white men.
link |
And it's even music, even these paintings.
link |
I didn't raise my hand. Everyone was looking at me.
link |
How do you not have the problem with the West?
link |
You should hate the West. You're Asian.
link |
So I think that's the thing.
link |
I think the problems are way deeper than what people think.
link |
And that's what I learned.
link |
It's not that safe in America.
link |
We can't go complete to the South.
link |
And looking at even Europe, I used to be way more optimistic.
link |
And now I actually see, wow, this country can't go to the South.
link |
And we might, if the U.S. forced that, right, this is the only country left
link |
to battle with the Communist Party in China.
link |
We may lose the opportunity to be free ever again as a humanity.
link |
Wow. So I mean, that puts a lot of value on having these kinds of conversations.
link |
I mean, I'm troubled by a lot of things, but like censorship on YouTube, for example.
link |
Yeah, it was very annoying to have to listen to Donald Trump all the time.
link |
Just create drama.
link |
The news cycle was completely drowned out by Donald Trump.
link |
But banning him from Twitter, it was like...
link |
That was scary for me because that's a step towards a direction where you're going to...
link |
Where does that take us? You're going to silence people.
link |
Like Jordan Peterson is next.
link |
That's why we need to promote freedom of thinking and speech, right?
link |
And one thing that I love about Dr. Peterson is humans, he's psychologist, right?
link |
He talks about we think by talking.
link |
That's why when you go to therapy, you talk and then you'll hear yourself
link |
and then you think and you come up to the answer.
link |
It's so important for humans to talk so we can think.
link |
So when they say you cannot talk, means you cannot think.
link |
And they don't know the consequences of that.
link |
And this is why I promote, I want the freedom of speech.
link |
Even though it hurts, ridiculous, sometimes it can be dangerous.
link |
But the price, the alternative is so bad that we should take the...
link |
Make this trade off. Everything has a trade off in this world.
link |
And it comes through the sacrifice, right?
link |
So I think that's what I've never seen in America.
link |
But it's unfortunately like the people like you say, who decides what is hate speech?
link |
What is dangerous? That's what I've been getting scared.
link |
Because everybody is imperfect.
link |
How do we want to give that power to them?
link |
And they're going to decide, today they might agree with me.
link |
Say, okay, your speech is good, promotes good.
link |
And then they might come back next year and say, your speech is bad.
link |
What are you going to do when that happens to you?
link |
We have to almost get ideas out and then play with them.
link |
I think what's a really important component of that is forgiving each other
link |
for realizing that we're a different person day by day and certainly years later.
link |
And I think some of that is both cultural mechanisms of saying
link |
we forgive each other for wrong ideas or not wrong ideas,
link |
but for who we are, the full evolution of the human being for the steps we've taken on that evolution.
link |
And also creating mechanisms that allow us to forgive each other.
link |
For example, on Twitter is horrible with this because one of the main viral ways
link |
that people create drama on Twitter is pulling up an old tweet that somebody said, right?
link |
And then saying, oh, this is the guy that thinks that.
link |
But that's like the opposite of the mechanisms we need to forgive ourselves,
link |
forgive each other for the things we've said in the past.
link |
So part of that is the cultural, part of this is the technological mechanisms.
link |
You mentioned Jordan, Jordan Peterson, you had a great conversation with him.
link |
What was chatting with him like?
link |
I'm just curious because he's deeply passionate,
link |
especially on the Soviet Union side about the atrocities of these kinds of systems.
link |
What did you agree with him on?
link |
What did you disagree?
link |
What were some things you both kind of learned from each other through that conversation, do you think?
link |
So here's a my story to Jordan Peterson, a very long one.
link |
So one day I was walking down in Chicago and they were like, huge theater were sold out.
link |
He says a big little Jordan Peterson sold out.
link |
And then it was a huge theater in the middle of Chicago, right?
link |
Like, it was on my committee, like who can be selling this entire thing out at like 7 p.m.
link |
And then with my ex husband, we were walking the street and then we saw people were like selling this like tickets,
link |
like for a very higher price, right?
link |
And then they were on the ticket and then he was like, yeah, sure.
link |
We ran in. It's packed.
link |
And then I was just a keeper or like, but I wasn't able to understand his English that much.
link |
My English was still...
link |
And you didn't know who he was really?
link |
You were just curious?
link |
Yeah, it was like 2018.
link |
Who's the guy that sells out a theater?
link |
Yes, I saw Dave Rubin came out before him and make jokes.
link |
I still don't know who Dave Rubin is.
link |
Afterwards, I met them all.
link |
But back then I had no clue what that is.
link |
And then he was giving lessons.
link |
But what I got from that night was not what Jordan said, but what people did on the audience.
link |
These people like, I don't know, thousands of people in this big theater crying like babies.
link |
And that was like, whatever that guy is doing is very special, right?
link |
He wasn't like making any jokes.
link |
Just a warm, simple person standing in the huge, giant theater talk.
link |
And long time too.
link |
And I was like, wow, okay, whatever that is, I gotta check it out.
link |
And then I got home.
link |
And then later many years later, I got a book.
link |
And I would start reading his book.
link |
And it talks about, it explains so much, right?
link |
Like now at Columbia Learn, like everything generally is like a matter of concept, construct.
link |
Like the hierarchy is my man's idea of making the hierarchy.
link |
And then he begins with the number one, the laughter, how the hierarchies, evolution of history that is within us.
link |
That we want a hierarchy, right?
link |
And then chapter five about socialization of child.
link |
How do you raise them?
link |
And then what's why telling the truth is matters, right?
link |
And there's a why, like in his entire 12 lessons I read it.
link |
And then it's like, I was so grateful that I'm alive.
link |
There were people always say, if Socrates alive, how much would you pay to have lunch with him?
link |
That kind of thing, right?
link |
So for me, it was like, okay, I'm like alive in the same contemporary world, one of the greatest thinkers of my entire generation.
link |
And then like, how much money?
link |
Get the hang out of them.
link |
How much money would I pay?
link |
And I like reached out to Michaela on her pockets on Twitter and connected.
link |
And then one day she said, do you want to go on my father's podcast?
link |
I was like, of course.
link |
And I was very nervous, but I didn't expect him to be like that connected.
link |
Because I thought he was psychologist.
link |
Like he saw so much suffering in the world.
link |
He studied Soviet Union.
link |
He's always collecting those things to remind him of the suffering of a human being.
link |
So sometimes some people hear so much atrocity, they become like very, you know, not engaged.
link |
Yeah, desensitized.
link |
He felt, he was feeling, he was like, he was living through the experiences with you as you were talking about it.
link |
It was an amazing conversation.
link |
So Jordan is one of the great thinkers of our time, but I would say the greatest thinkers of our time is Michael Malis.
link |
You've also got the chance to talk to him.
link |
So he wrote a book on North Korea.
link |
It's an interesting style book.
link |
I learned a lot from it.
link |
I learned a lot from Michael about it.
link |
And it's interesting that he chose North Korea as a thing to study.
link |
That he, of all people, this fascinating human being that is Michael, chose this darkest of aspects of humanity to study.
link |
What do you think of Michael?
link |
What do you think of his book on North Korea called Dear Reader that people should definitely check out?
link |
So back then when I reached out, Michael told me true friends of South Korea.
link |
My English wasn't good.
link |
So I got a copy in my hand.
link |
I tried to read and a lot of them I didn't understand.
link |
So, but I thought it was very fascinating how he explained North Korea through the Dear Reader's perspective.
link |
There's nobody has ever done that.
link |
And you can review so much about the state and absurdity of entire situation.
link |
And also through humor.
link |
And that's what's amazing about Michael.
link |
He knows full gravity of tragedy.
link |
He knows a full suffering.
link |
He's not just like people here in America on the bus feed making fun of Kim Jong's haircut.
link |
They don't care what people go through.
link |
And then he still does ridiculous jokes.
link |
So that kind of reveals in a dark way the absurdity of evil.
link |
And he does that masterfully.
link |
He is definitely a genius.
link |
All right. If you watch this, let's make his head too big here.
link |
But is there some aspect to...
link |
I mean, there is an absurdity to the whole thing.
link |
Kim Jong Un is almost like a caricature of evil.
link |
A lot of people think it's a joke.
link |
They just think that this is too absurd.
link |
Like, can you imagine you laugh at Holocaust?
link |
This is that ridiculous.
link |
Can you maybe psychoanalyze that a little bit because that's where my mind goes too.
link |
Like, he's so ridiculous that you can't...
link |
It's almost like hard to believe this is real.
link |
Is that just my kind of and people's desire to escape the cruelty of reality by just kind of making a joke out of it?
link |
I think it is a few things, right?
link |
Like, it's a North Korea as a nation.
link |
Number one or number two smartest IQ people in the world, despite their magnetition.
link |
I mean, that's an interesting point.
link |
So in your sense, the people still carry the brilliance.
link |
There's a culture there that's like hungry to become realized.
link |
Like the people that are silenced by the electricity, by actually having no food, all those kinds of things.
link |
Like, if you add the electricity, if you add the food, you're going to have a cultural center of the world.
link |
That's what they exactly did, right?
link |
The exact same Korea.
link |
One became more like 11th largest economy.
link |
One became the world's most like Polish nation, right?
link |
And this is the perfect example.
link |
Like, if I don't know if you read that book, Why Nation Fairs?
link |
It's not about a culture.
link |
It is not about people.
link |
It is not about IQ.
link |
What makes us to different is a system.
link |
South Korea, North Korea is a perfect example of that.
link |
One is exact same capability.
link |
We were homogeneous like country.
link |
Same language, tradition, all of that.
link |
We gave them different system.
link |
One is free democracy.
link |
One is dictatorship.
link |
And came up with the biggest different result.
link |
And I think North Korea reveals that to us.
link |
It's not because we are great that we are living in this prosperity.
link |
The ideas gave us to this.
link |
The system we built, our ancestors built, gave us this privilege.
link |
Nothing is about us being special here, right?
link |
The system that we have is quite special.
link |
And North Korea proves that to us.
link |
It doesn't matter even if you're smart.
link |
That's all irrelevant.
link |
And I think that's why people just keep denying it.
link |
They want to feel special.
link |
Like because I'm awesome.
link |
I got all of this.
link |
Like, no, it's not you.
link |
And when people say like, I hate capitalism.
link |
Without capitalism, how do you came up with this thing?
link |
How did you come up with this?
link |
The systems matter.
link |
They matter like way more than this individualistic society
link |
would like to imagine.
link |
It is the most important thing you can have in life,
link |
choosing the right system.
link |
Do you have advice for young people today?
link |
You've lived an incredible life and you have, I hope,
link |
an incredible life ahead of you.
link |
What advice would you give to young people today,
link |
high schoolers, college students,
link |
how to be successful in their career,
link |
maybe successful in life?
link |
Last thing I want them to fear is guilty.
link |
It doesn't do anything, right?
link |
So I hate when people talk about a white guilt.
link |
It's like that doesn't make even any sense, right?
link |
I think the fact that they're born with freedom
link |
is a blessing for all of us.
link |
It's not like I want them to want to do something
link |
because they are guilty.
link |
I want them to do something because they are grateful.
link |
We are sitting here.
link |
The fact why I have children is suffering.
link |
Having kids, you don't sleep, costly.
link |
Any logical rational mind, you should never want children.
link |
Why would you do that to yourself?
link |
Especially as a woman, right?
link |
You don't want to do that to yourself.
link |
But think about, like, we are sitting here today,
link |
two of us, in this amazing technology, this country,
link |
because somebody in Savannah, hundreds of thousands of years ago,
link |
they're hunting berries and surviving cold.
link |
Every suffering they can imagine, they fall for us.
link |
That's what we ended up here.
link |
So life is ultimately bigger than us.
link |
And I think that's what I want them.
link |
It's not like I want them to do the right thing
link |
and be the best version of themselves.
link |
It's like I want them to feel grateful.
link |
And we should be grateful.
link |
And take full advantage of that.
link |
I mean, it starts with the freedom to experience everything in life.
link |
And for your life, literally.
link |
My father, you know, working, dying is a lot easier than living.
link |
Dying takes, like, a few minutes, right, maximum, and living takes forever.
link |
So when I was facing this unbelievable challenge,
link |
I thought, okay, this is the most rational thing I can do
link |
is killing myself right now.
link |
But the hardest thing I can choose to live,
link |
and my father did that, even in the concentration camp,
link |
even no matter what he said, life is a gift.
link |
You need to fight for it.
link |
And I think that's what's missing here, that we don't think life as a gift.
link |
Like, how many people had to fight for me to be here today?
link |
Think about the sacrifice they made for many, many, many generations.
link |
I don't even know what they went through.
link |
I can't even fathom what they went through.
link |
They fought for life.
link |
And that is my responsibility enough.
link |
So it doesn't make them, therefore, fire was not meaningless, right?
link |
I want something, because now I'm carrying on that fight.
link |
You mentioned considering suicide,
link |
do you think about your mortality now?
link |
Now that you're perhaps in slightly more comfortable place,
link |
do you still think about death?
link |
I do, because I was informed actually when I was 21
link |
I was on the killing list of Kim Jong Un by South Korean intelligence.
link |
And then I had to live with that, right?
link |
But now I actually feel more because I don't know if you follow
link |
German Kastrige story, the Saudi journalist,
link |
who got chopped off in Turkey embassy, right?
link |
His reason why he got killed was he became very prominent on Twitter.
link |
He had a huge voice and Saudis followed him.
link |
And now I became very first North Korean to have this many social media followings.
link |
And recently North Korea started an investigation team to analyze whatever I do.
link |
Even though it's the first time for them.
link |
So they don't even know what to do at this point.
link |
They're like, this is so new.
link |
We do Kim Jong Nam.
link |
Kim Jong Nam, the half brother of Kim Jong Un got killed in Malaysia.
link |
That is another tragedy that I feel so sorry for the US government is that
link |
Kim Jong Nam was giving information to the CIA for the past like 10 years.
link |
That trip, when he got killed in Malaysian airport,
link |
he was meeting up with the CIA agent for two days on the Northern Ireland.
link |
CIA could have protected him.
link |
North Korean Kim Jong Un cared.
link |
Do you know the Malaysian, the ladies, the VX, the nerve agent?
link |
North Koreans cared them.
link |
In Malaysian airport, in the international land.
link |
So even Jamal Khashoggi, who was a US resident and the Washington Post journalist,
link |
when he got killed in Saudi like a lamb, they chopped them into pieces.
link |
In that most inhuman death, what was the consequences for the Saudis?
link |
The word is we think we're living in justice.
link |
No, there's no justice.
link |
There is no accountability for killing any decent, no matter how big their names are.
link |
So you don't think your vast and quickly growing social media presence protects you?
link |
Because Kim Jong Un, initially when I spoke out, I don't know if you went through it,
link |
they did everything they could to character assassinate me.
link |
Saying, I'm a liar.
link |
And then they reached out to Penguin saying, we're going to blow up.
link |
You cannot write this book.
link |
And they did it with Sony.
link |
They had the Sony studio for making that stupid movie interview, right?
link |
And then Penguin did their investigation.
link |
They met every survivor that I went through in the desert.
link |
They got the voice recording of them because they don't want them to change their mind later, right?
link |
People remember differently.
link |
So they got the voice recordings.
link |
The Penguin recording got the old audience.
link |
And now we are ready for the lawsuit.
link |
We are going to publish this book because we check the verified every single thing that was going to book.
link |
And North Korea couldn't do anything anymore.
link |
But that's character assassination.
link |
Which by the way, that's a whole nother conversation that you were able to survive that.
link |
I appreciate the kind of strength that requires to survive that because you don't know.
link |
And your character being assassinated is in some ways can be as painful as actual assassination.
link |
Everybody think you're a liar.
link |
Everybody think you're a liar.
link |
And now everybody, like you said, the nature of internet is that as long as something is written internet, they think that's a fact.
link |
Any stupid person can start a blog and write about you.
link |
But they think, oh, because it's written on internet, it's legit.
link |
Especially negative stuff.
link |
That's the thing I was kind of trying to elaborate on.
link |
There's a viral aspect to calling somebody a fraud or a liar that nobody questions whether it's true or not.
link |
And it's a dark side of our human nature that we want to destroy the people who are rising.
link |
We cannot stand it.
link |
Any changing maker in this world who wasn't controversial, like Martin Luther King Jr., like Nelson Mandela, he was called as a terrorist.
link |
So I just did not know.
link |
So the character assassination is the thing, you know, probably continue with you.
link |
It will continue with you forever.
link |
It gets stronger and stronger, I think, in the face of that.
link |
But actual assassination, perhaps it's me being hopeful because I have a situation with Russia that I hope I'm not under.
link |
Well, I don't care actually.
link |
But there's some aspect in which social media presence, I thought protects you a little bit because just imagine the outrage from an attempted assassination of you.
link |
But what was the outrage when John McCushy got killed like that?
link |
Was the social media presence large?
link |
Over one million people, I don't have that following.
link |
He was 1.6 million Twitter followers.
link |
And the outrage wasn't there?
link |
Because Saudis spoke to Amazon, the Prime Studio, Netflix.
link |
There were people made a documentary about it but told everybody, don't cannot get that deal.
link |
So there was a huge censorship on that.
link |
And people, of course, they can talk about it one day.
link |
Some distance from Saudis got killed.
link |
But it just dissipates.
link |
They move on to the next cute puppy, the next cute cat.
link |
That's what the nature of this new generation does.
link |
It doesn't affect them.
link |
They keep following this instant pleasure, instant high.
link |
That's what Instagram does to you.
link |
It changes your brain.
link |
That's what I was reading.
link |
It spoke to shallows.
link |
We became shallow and shallow and our brain changed permanently.
link |
So this new generation, we can get them angry for like 10 minutes.
link |
Create hashtags for one day.
link |
But then as quick as that was, it goes down like instantly.
link |
And I think that's the...
link |
Well, that means that...
link |
Okay, so that means that there is...
link |
It's an effective way to get rid of opposition is by murdering them.
link |
And that means the United States, if it stands for freedom, if it stands for the freedom of exchange of ideas should be protecting people like you.
link |
Because they don't want to be involved.
link |
They didn't even protect Kim Jong Nam, who was giving information 10 years, risking his life.
link |
That's what is so...
link |
I mean, working for CI is not bad.
link |
The thing is, he was giving information to bring down the vision.
link |
That is something novel about him.
link |
But then you just don't go extra miles to that.
link |
That's when I lost my faith in the U.S. system as well.
link |
Like this country just cares about saving face.
link |
What is most minimum cost they pay for anything.
link |
And like I went up South Korea constantly every single day intelligence calling me.
link |
You're like the North Korean agent going this place, where are you going?
link |
The U.S. intelligence came to U.S., nobody.
link |
There's a lot of people that said that you are CIA agent.
link |
I wish they called me.
link |
I wish they called me.
link |
I really truly do.
link |
But nobody, nobody does here.
link |
I'm sure they know what's going on.
link |
But the South Korean agent is more like, oh my gosh, we don't want you to kill your South Korean citizen, right?
link |
And now I'm trying to become your citizen.
link |
So it's in a way it's...
link |
I don't know what's worse.
link |
Are you afraid for your life?
link |
For the several, three, four years I was afraid.
link |
But I had to came terms with it.
link |
Like my enemy is not some crazy psychopath.
link |
It's a state with a nuclear power to attack the most powerful country.
link |
If Kim Jong Un decides if I die, I'm gonna die.
link |
It's not up to me, right?
link |
So in a way or just liberating that you...
link |
It's like if you are afraid of some mobs or some gangsters on the street.
link |
It's almost like you have power over it a little bit.
link |
You gotta be thinking that's my fault.
link |
I went that way, right?
link |
But when it comes to Kim Jong Un, I know my enemy is so much bigger than me.
link |
It's in a way it's a liberation.
link |
And also I live a lot.
link |
So I have seen a lot.
link |
I've seen everything.
link |
I don't have that much regret left here.
link |
Like, okay, I'm going too soon, you know?
link |
It's like, okay, maybe it's time.
link |
Like death is a part of life, so...
link |
In some sense you're willing to accept death to keep fighting for freedom in your...
link |
In at least in part a place you call home.
link |
Do you hope that one day you can return to North Korea?
link |
I hope I bring my son and tell him this is like where your ancestors from too.
link |
It would look very different than the place you came from in your...
link |
Do you hope that there's a democracy one day that North Korea looks like South Korea?
link |
Well, that would be in paradise, right?
link |
That's... But I'm a rational optimist.
link |
I'm not like just optimistic because I have to be.
link |
I think as long as there are people who have changed the world, right?
link |
Like who believed in something and worked for it.
link |
And like, I don't know like this though.
link |
Like Alex Shiro has a few people holding entire this world, right?
link |
I really believe in that.
link |
I think as long as that continues, that can happen in my country.
link |
As long as people like you someday decide to do something North Korea and working for it
link |
using your brain power to solve this puzzle, how fascinating would that be?
link |
That's why I continue to speak, continue to recruit.
link |
To inspire millions to do something.
link |
The books you like are all the books I love.
link |
I have to mention this.
link |
And briefly with Jordan Siddhartha by Herman Hesse is an incredible book.
link |
I mean, I don't know exactly what I want to ask here.
link |
But there's some... I think the book kind of through telling a story
link |
reveals that life is suffering and yet there's beauty in it.
link |
The beauty in every moment that it uses kind of a river to paint a metaphor.
link |
Is there something that you could say, speak to, like, how that book impacted your life
link |
and the way you live life, maybe the way you see life,
link |
whether it's on the life of suffering side or that life is beautiful side?
link |
I mean, he goes through entire journey, right?
link |
He goes into state, like, I'm so enlightened that I cannot deal with the people who are there in love
link |
and quiet about it, right?
link |
They're like that's so primitive.
link |
Once he has his own son, he actually being attached.
link |
He actually cares. He actually really does the whole thing, right?
link |
That's the thing that he used to think not.
link |
Once his son comes finding him, he looks at life differently.
link |
I think that's the thing. I did have the kind of journey where nothing matters, right?
link |
So bitter, so, so like, so cynical.
link |
And after I met so many incredible people, I was talking about that person who told me he was gay.
link |
He told me, I love you. And I was like, why do you love me?
link |
In the past, people when they wanted me was because they want to rape me.
link |
Everybody wanted something from me. That's why they wanted me.
link |
And I never understood, you can love somebody unconditionally.
link |
And this gay guy, the last one was the one who sleep with me, right?
link |
And I think I had a blessing after my journey meeting people who loved me unconditionally
link |
because I was just being a human.
link |
And I think that's what it is now for me that like him, I live for love now.
link |
I live for love. Any kinds of love.
link |
Love for knowledge, I like, I read so many books because I love books, right?
link |
I love what I do. I love my people. I love humanity.
link |
You know, even it sometimes annoys me. I love myself.
link |
And that's beautiful too. The annoying parts are beautiful too.
link |
What do you, let me ask the ridiculous question.
link |
What do you think is the meaning of this whole thing?
link |
Of what's the meaning of life?
link |
Well, I think at this point, I stopped questioning why I'm here, right?
link |
Like, it doesn't matter someone put that out on there or a big bang.
link |
I'm here, that's truth, right? I'm going to accept that fully.
link |
So what, instead of me keep asking the impossible question, what I'm here,
link |
I'm going to let you do that, let the science do that, right?
link |
You have to go out into space and look for the evidence.
link |
You accept that you're here and you're just going to enjoy,
link |
like you're here for love, as you said.
link |
That's the thing. I think I'm here for the process of pursuing something bigger than me.
link |
The process of doing something. It's not a moral, it's not a virtue signalling thing.
link |
It just makes me happy that I fight for something bigger.
link |
Like that me, right?
link |
It's how boring is that every day you get up, oh my God, I'm going to buy myself this,
link |
I'm going to get this for myself. It's so boring, isn't it?
link |
So in a way, I think that's what it is.
link |
I'm grateful that I'm in a state, I don't have to fight for myself anymore.
link |
But many people have to do that. And that's sometimes more than enough they have to do.
link |
And I salute them. They are fighting, saving themselves every day.
link |
But now I'm not there. I'm very blessed. That's why I'm very grateful.
link |
So fighting for something much bigger than you.
link |
But do you still believe that you can change the world?
link |
That you can be a thing that, at least in part, helps North Korea,
link |
or even broader, helps alleviate some suffering in the world?
link |
So that's the thing. I was reading this book, Fooled by Randomness, right?
link |
I was like, they're up here like, oh my God, you're so courageous.
link |
You're amazing. I was like, no, I'm not. I'm horrible.
link |
I know myself. You don't want to tell me that.
link |
It's random why I end up here. Why did I pick up English so quickly?
link |
Why do I love books? I don't know why. It's random.
link |
Don't ask why. Just enjoy it.
link |
Yeah, it's random. I don't know how the history will remember me.
link |
I think the only thing I have to at this point is to make sure that people,
link |
after consulting a lot of security teams, like now North Korea became a lot smarter.
link |
Like you said, they make it more disguised as a suicide and a car accident.
link |
So when I die, they don't even know I got cared.
link |
I think that's a higher chance.
link |
So I think that's the thing. People are suffering.
link |
Take it or not is your choice.
link |
And at least it's my responsibility for them to know what's going on.
link |
I think if you did not know and didn't do anything, you are not even guilty of a thing.
link |
But once you know, then you are not doing it. Then something is not right.
link |
So that's what I'm doing. I want people to know.
link |
And then what they want to do is not my problem afterwards.
link |
So my role is very small in that regard.
link |
And I just hope that we'll humanize North Koreans for the first time.
link |
Because we have been so dehumanized.
link |
Like we are looking like robots.
link |
If you look at us marching and crying like when you later dies,
link |
it almost seems like we don't even have the same emotions.
link |
People cannot connect us in the same level.
link |
And I think that's something media have done to us.
link |
And you're shining a small light on this dark part of the world that I think...
link |
And you make it, you're so modest.
link |
But I think you will have that little light.
link |
It just might be a big thing that changes that incredible amount of suffering that's happening on that part of the world.
link |
You know what I mean? You're an amazing person.
link |
I'm so fortunate to get a chance to talk with you.
link |
I can't wait what you do in the future.
link |
I hope you write many more books.
link |
I do hope you continue making videos.
link |
Continue having conversations.
link |
You're an inspiration to me and millions of others.
link |
I really appreciate you talking with me today.
link |
I'm solid. Thank you.
link |
Thank you for listening to this conversation with Younmi Park.
link |
And thank you to Belcampo, Gala Games, BetterHelp, and Aidsleep.
link |
Check them out in the description to support this podcast.
link |
And now, let me leave you some words from Bob Marley.
link |
Better to die fighting for freedom than be a prisoner all the days of your life.
link |
Thank you for listening and hope to see you next time.