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Cristiano Amon: Qualcomm CEO | Lex Fridman Podcast #280


small model | large model

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Talking about an exciting thing for an engineer,
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the same Snapdragon that goes to a phone
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and it can go to a Galaxy phone, for example, Samsung,
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the same, not a special one, went all the way to Mars.
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You expect to have a full day of battery life,
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but then you want it to not be sending data
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into 10 or 100 megabits.
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You want gigabits.
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You want it to be able to have eight core processors.
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You want to have a GPU with ray tracing.
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You want to have all of those things
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that you can only get into sometimes a desktop PC.
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To do all of that in your phone is an incredible thing.
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Some people raise concerns about there not being enough
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studies about the effects of 5G on the human body.
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Is 5G safe?
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The following is a conversation with Cristiano Aman,
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the CEO of Qualcomm.
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The company that's one of the leaders in the world
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in the space of mobile communication and computation.
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That's 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G that connects billions of phones,
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and the Snapdragon processor and system on a chip
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that is the brain of most of the premium Android phones
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in the world.
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This is the Lex Friedman podcast.
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To support it, please check out our sponsors
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in the description.
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And now, dear friends, here's Cristiano Aman.
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You are originally from Brazil,
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so let me ask the most important question,
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the most profound question, the biggest question.
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Who's the greatest football soccer player of all time?
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Look, everybody's gonna say Pele,
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and actually I was born during the game
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of Brazil and Italy that Pele gave Brazil the championship.
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Actually it was, my dad tells me that the doctor
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had a TV on at the delivery room.
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But, so everybody will say Pele,
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but I really like Ronaldo.
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The first, not Ronaldinho, the first Ronaldo.
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I really like him.
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That's my favorite player.
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By the way, not everybody would say Pele.
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But we shall leave that on the table
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and agree to disagree.
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Brazilians will say Pele.
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Yes.
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There's other countries around that region
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that may disagree a little bit.
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I'm very aware.
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Qualcomm is largely responsible for 5G
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and some of the greatest processors
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in our smartphones ever built.
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So we got communication and computation tech
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that impacts probably billions of people.
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So if you zoom out, you as a human,
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we'll look at humans on Earth in general,
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does it blow your mind that we have these billions
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of smartphones communicating and each of them
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have the computational power?
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You know, you talk about 10 billion transistors.
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That's a million times more than 50 years ago
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in the best computers in the world.
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Like if you just zoom out as a human,
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does that blow your mind?
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Absolutely.
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Look, one of the reasons I think I love this company
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is we know that the technology we develop
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can change the world.
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And I'll tell you one more thing.
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Beyond the amount of processing power
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that you have now in the palm of your hands
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and being every one of the world is connected
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with broadband technology,
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the smartphone is also mankind largest development platform.
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There's nothing like it.
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So you respect both the hardware and the software?
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Both.
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Both.
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If aliens were observing Earth over the past 50 to 70 years,
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how do you think they would describe
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this particular turmoil, fun things going on
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on the surface of this particular little planet?
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We live in interesting times.
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In one time, we see incredible development of technology
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for mankind just what happened in the last century.
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You know, from 1900 to 2000, it was incredible development.
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Just look, 2000 was 22 years ago,
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how far we're coming and where we're going with technology.
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It's incredible.
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What do you think they would notice?
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So there's road networks, there's all kinds of networks.
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There's lights that keep popping up,
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cities springing up, like from an alien perspective,
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you're observing.
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Well, what I'm gonna tell you is you have this contrast
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of incredible development of technology,
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but then you see some of the things
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that are happening right now,
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which is probably you would not expect them to happen
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on the 21st century, just what happened in Ukraine.
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So I think that will be a more puzzling question
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for the aliens, I would imagine.
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The new technology is kind of impressive.
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Actually, that might not be so puzzling
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because that's just human nature revealing itself
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as it has throughout human history.
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That's correct.
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Let's talk about wireless communication.
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So Qualcomm was instrumental in developing 5G.
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Now you were with Qualcomm since the early days,
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the good old 90s with the 2G, but what is 5G,
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including sub six gigahertz 5G and millimeter wave 5G?
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How does it work?
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And maybe the most important question is
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how will it change the world in the coming years?
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When we set ourselves to develop 5G,
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and we look at this, every generation of technology
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had a problem to be solved, right?
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So you mentioned 2G, 2G challenge,
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the challenge of CDMA was can we give every person
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on earth a cell phone?
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That was, can you get to a technology
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that you can basically allow everyone
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to have a mobile phone?
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3G was about the ability to connect that to the internet.
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I think 4G was broadband and with 4G was about
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have the ability for you to have a computer
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in the palm of your hand.
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We'll just talk about that.
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5G, the challenge was a little bit different.
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It's how do we build a technology for a society
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that is gonna be 100% connected to the cloud?
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How do we provide a technology that is going to be
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the last mile connectivity for everything?
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So 5G has basically been designed,
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eliminate all issues with data congestion,
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whether you are in stadium, we talk about soccer,
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you were in a stadium and everyone should be
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ability to have access to broadband.
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So deal with congestion.
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Deal with the fact that not only people,
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but billions of things need to be connected.
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Create a technology that for the first time in wireless,
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you could deliver mission critical services.
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Wireless used to up to 4G is its best effort.
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In 5G, it can guarantee that you are connected
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with the cloud.
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And then the last point of that is provide this fabric
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that will allow us as a society to look at things
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that are not connected and say, that's the exception.
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That's why we made a comparison in the early days of 5G
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that that's gonna be like electricity.
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Right now, you don't have a discussion
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about what is the use cases for electricity.
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You don't talk about that anymore.
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You just assume it's there.
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And that's how we think about everything
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connected to the cloud.
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That's what 5G is and that's the role of 5G.
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So first of all, everything connected to the cloud
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is interesting because the space of everything
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is constantly increasing.
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That is correct.
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I don't think the refrigerator over there,
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it looks kind of smart,
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but I don't think it's connected yet to the cloud.
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So this includes internet of things.
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What is the full space of everything?
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The full space of everything is,
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it's maybe going back to where you start defining Qualcomm.
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Qualcomm is about communications and advanced computers
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for low power devices.
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And can we make everything smart?
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It can range from the robot you have right now on the floor
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to your refrigerator, to a camera,
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to machines in manufacturing,
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to retail, et cetera.
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I can give you some examples.
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When we think of something as simple
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as going to the grocery shop,
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we see technology now with something,
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the stuff we've been working with companies like Walmart.
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Electronic shelf labels.
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The ability for you to have smart cameras,
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they can look at shelves and the camera is smart enough
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to say some product needs to be replenished.
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Ability to see what's trashed.
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So it's about really providing processor connectivity,
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artificial intelligence to everything.
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And I think that's one of the largest addressable markets
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we have for technology
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because you can't really define everything.
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Right, exactly.
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It's a nice market
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because it keeps growing potentially exponentially in speed.
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What about coverage?
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So how are we doing on the everything part?
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So there is, like I mentioned, sub six gigahertz 5G
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and there's a millimeter wave 5G.
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So not all 5G is made the same.
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So there's a speed, there's a bandwidth thing.
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And then there's coverage.
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How many people get to enjoy today
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and how does the progress in the next five, 10, 20, 30,
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50 years you think looks like in terms of coverage?
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Great topic of conversation.
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So let's talk about this.
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When I meet with regulators across the globe,
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I tell them resistance is futile.
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Allocate every spectrum to wireless.
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Every spectrum needs to be allocated to wireless.
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The reality is when we start moving from CDMA to OFDMA,
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we knew that this industry has done a lot
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to get more bits per Hertz.
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But the reality is the massive amount of improvements
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that is required in capacity and in speed,
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you need more spectrum.
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There's not so much we can rely on more bits per Hertz.
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You just need more spectrum.
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And if you look, for example,
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what carriers since the 2G era,
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they participate in different license and auctions
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and every spectrum they accumulated from 2G or 3G or 4G,
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all of that, you may be able to get one or two channels max
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of sub six, which is a channel is about 100 megahertz
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or 200 megahertz, and that's it.
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So we need more spectrum.
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So 5G has been designed to work across every spectrum
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from the low frequency bands, that's what we call the sub six,
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but you needed more, you needed to go to the millimeter wave.
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So that's why 5G is a technology that you can deploy
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from 450 megahertz as an example, or 600 or 700,
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all the way to in the 42 gigahertz.
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And that's where millimeter wave comes into the picture.
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Now, let's now connect this to your question
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about coverage of 5G.
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The easiest thing to do is to deploy 5G
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in the new spectrum you can get,
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which is in the sub six, you see bands being auctioned
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across the globe into 3.5 gigahertz.
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There's nothing special about the band,
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it's just the only one that was available
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because everything else has been useful for 4G.
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And you can deploy on that, go into existing cell towers
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and just put a new equipment
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without having to build new towers.
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But when we go to technologies such as millimeter wave,
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then you have to build more dense networks.
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You need to build more stations
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because a deployment in that case
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look like a wifi deployment,
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it's almost like wifi access points.
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When you need to build more stations, you need permits,
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you need to build fiber, so it takes more time to densify.
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So what you see happening is coverage has been built fast
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with sub six across the globe,
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but now the United States also have the sub six.
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So that gets you to coverage very fast.
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But millimeter wave, it's moving.
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And if I will say, for example, Verizon,
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United States has had a leadership
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in building millimeter wave, it takes time.
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I'll say cities like Chicago, Manhattan
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starting to get coverage.
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It will be a process over a number of years
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as you build those different access points type networks,
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but it's inevitable.
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There's not enough spectrum.
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So every 5G operators just a matter of time
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will have millimeter wave as well.
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Resistance is futile.
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Okay, so for millimeter wave,
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we need density of access points.
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And what's the biggest resistance for Qualcomm
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for human civilization?
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Is it politicians, regulators, federal regulators?
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Is it individual humans?
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Is it not enough money from the consumer perspective?
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Like who is the biggest pain in the butt?
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From a Qualcomm standpoint, but answering the question
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about what it takes to build all this technology.
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I think regulators across the board
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understood the importance of 5G.
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I have not met a regulator that said,
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it's really important to be late on 5G.
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I don't think anybody wants to be late on 5G.
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And as a result, we've seen enormous amount of progress
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in getting spectrum allocated to 5G.
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I think the real issue is the time that it takes
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to build infrastructure.
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You know, investment in 5G infrastructure,
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special millimeter wave is like building roads and ports.
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It's critical infrastructure.
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And those things take time.
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Like one of the number one obstacle
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you're gonna hear from operators is site permit.
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You know, sometimes they have to negotiate municipality
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by municipality about permits to get new cell sites.
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But you know, the networks will be densified
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and you're gonna need all of that capacity
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for the promise of the fully immersive augmented reality
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that will replace phones and everything being connected
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100% of the time.
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This would not be a conversation with the CEO
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if I did not ask questions that make you nervous.
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Some people raise concerns about there not being enough
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studies about the effects of 5G on the human body.
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Is 5G safe?
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Look, I have a very simple answer to this question.
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As we build new capabilities, such as 5G,
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power is going down, especially when you think
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about reducing the number of base stations,
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the network's becoming more dense.
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So as you do that, the power becomes lower.
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If your phone radiated from the phone and from the tower,
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as you get closer to the tower,
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you don't need that much power to reach the tower.
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So as we move from 4G to 5G,
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I think we see a reduction in the amount of power
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is required to close the radio link.
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Now, also you have a number of organizations,
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the FCC, for example, has rigorous programs,
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which they do a lot of tests to validate, you know,
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the safety of those devices.
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And I think we have, has been a model for other countries
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to also to adopt the same things.
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Cellular has been around for a number of decades now.
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I think smartphone is our most beloved device today.
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And I would argue how it's difficult
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to answer those questions,
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but I'll argue that the data to date
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have we seen in 3G and 4G, you know,
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has shown that a lot of the initial concerns
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were not valid.
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We look at 5G, even though it's new, it's just less power.
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So we look at it from a physics standpoint.
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So from a physics, from a biology perspective,
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there's a lot of evidence, there's studies
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that show that it's not dangerous, that it is in fact safe.
link |
00:16:13.060
However, the concern that people have
link |
00:16:14.640
is when you scale technology exponentially,
link |
00:16:18.620
how will that change human civilization?
link |
00:16:20.740
I mean, that doesn't apply to 5G,
link |
00:16:22.340
that applies to every technology.
link |
00:16:23.980
How, you said smartphone is the most beloved device,
link |
00:16:27.300
but love sometimes hurts.
link |
00:16:29.940
That's the impact on society we don't know.
link |
00:16:33.380
And there's a little bit of fear,
link |
00:16:34.700
there's both excitement and fear.
link |
00:16:36.740
It's a great topic of conversation actually.
link |
00:16:39.180
So let me give you my perspective on this.
link |
00:16:41.160
And you started to see some things
link |
00:16:42.500
actually happening right now.
link |
00:16:43.700
So let me step back and let's talk about the fact
link |
00:16:47.140
that we are in a fully interconnected society.
link |
00:16:51.020
That when you look of the situation today,
link |
00:16:56.060
we talk about smartphones, largest development platform,
link |
00:17:01.700
so much now of our life, we are connected to the smartphone.
link |
00:17:08.500
And we are all connected and we're connected.
link |
00:17:11.580
And then we're building digital twins of everything, right?
link |
00:17:15.460
So when you look at that picture,
link |
00:17:17.340
when you look at the picture of this connected society,
link |
00:17:21.460
you started to have the following thoughts,
link |
00:17:25.140
which I think are very healthy,
link |
00:17:26.780
which means in the same way that in the physical world,
link |
00:17:30.220
you're entitled to some rights, you have obligations,
link |
00:17:33.720
and there's a lot of things that protect your integrity.
link |
00:17:38.720
I think as a rule, we're gonna see the society evolving.
link |
00:17:43.580
So those things extend to your digital being
link |
00:17:47.680
of people and things.
link |
00:17:49.340
And I think it's just natural.
link |
00:17:50.720
It's just natural.
link |
00:17:52.140
It's just a natural path.
link |
00:17:54.020
And you started to see things like that.
link |
00:17:55.540
For example, the Europeans has done a lot in this area.
link |
00:18:00.020
I'll say the Europeans probably ahead in the United States
link |
00:18:03.940
thinking about privacy laws, digital privacy laws.
link |
00:18:06.940
Most recently, the DMA, the Digital Markets Act,
link |
00:18:09.860
which I think is a great thing.
link |
00:18:11.860
I think we believe there's incredible thought
link |
00:18:15.900
into enable ability to regulate the digital markets
link |
00:18:19.260
so that there's innovation and competitions
link |
00:18:21.100
and not a single company can control all the data
link |
00:18:24.860
and then decide how things are gonna be work
link |
00:18:28.620
on the digital realm.
link |
00:18:29.740
And even if we think about the potential things
link |
00:18:32.060
like the metaverse,
link |
00:18:32.900
as we're connecting physical and digital spaces.
link |
00:18:35.480
So I think it's a natural evolution.
link |
00:18:37.500
Of course, regulation and laws always follow technology.
link |
00:18:43.000
But the fact that we're moving
link |
00:18:45.620
to an interconnected society, there's no going back.
link |
00:18:49.440
We are a fully interconnected society.
link |
00:18:52.040
But there is opportunity to think about
link |
00:18:55.180
how the digital twin should,
link |
00:18:58.980
people and government should think about it
link |
00:19:00.860
so that we get the best of a technology
link |
00:19:03.380
without any downside.
link |
00:19:05.280
Yeah, so when you say digital twin,
link |
00:19:06.900
that's one of the other things you're excited about,
link |
00:19:08.500
which is the metaverse,
link |
00:19:09.780
or basically building worlds in the digital space.
link |
00:19:13.380
And you have to start to think about
link |
00:19:14.700
all the basic human rights that transfer
link |
00:19:18.500
from our physical meat vehicles
link |
00:19:20.520
out to the digital copies of ourselves,
link |
00:19:22.940
representations of ourselves.
link |
00:19:24.220
It's really important to think about.
link |
00:19:25.740
The thing you mentioned about regulators that has been,
link |
00:19:27.820
this is me speaking frustrating,
link |
00:19:29.740
is like you said, they follow technology.
link |
00:19:32.820
So sometimes they don't get the technology at all.
link |
00:19:36.940
So they're very clumsy in writing laws
link |
00:19:40.220
that censor that technology in interesting ways.
link |
00:19:43.760
They mean good, but they can do a lot of unintended damage.
link |
00:19:47.360
Now, both, it's a dance.
link |
00:19:49.500
It's a beautiful dance,
link |
00:19:50.660
but I just wish governments were better dance partners.
link |
00:19:54.120
I just see what they're kind of writing now
link |
00:19:55.860
about regulating social media and platforms like YouTube,
link |
00:20:00.380
and it's just really, really clumsy.
link |
00:20:02.460
They don't understand how machine learning works.
link |
00:20:04.620
I recommend their systems work.
link |
00:20:06.260
And I just wish they kind of caught up a little more
link |
00:20:08.960
because it's really important to be great at regulation,
link |
00:20:12.900
but also it's important to let companies flourish
link |
00:20:15.540
and embrace this new wave of technology.
link |
00:20:17.500
That weird dance, I am more and more learning
link |
00:20:20.420
looking at public policy,
link |
00:20:22.620
how much positive government can do
link |
00:20:25.620
and how much clumsy negative it can do,
link |
00:20:28.060
unintentionally, just out of sheer incompetence
link |
00:20:31.240
or lack of curiosity about tech.
link |
00:20:34.180
That's my rant about regulators.
link |
00:20:36.900
I think it's a valid point.
link |
00:20:39.280
As I said before, I think the Europeans
link |
00:20:41.300
probably have a very good framework,
link |
00:20:43.460
but the way I'll think about it,
link |
00:20:46.220
we depend on having the ability to innovate.
link |
00:20:50.260
We depend on the free markets.
link |
00:20:51.580
We depend on the ability to create technology
link |
00:20:56.700
that will be disruptive.
link |
00:20:59.300
But at the same time, I think the tech companies
link |
00:21:01.140
probably should spend time helping governments understand,
link |
00:21:04.860
helping understand ahead of time
link |
00:21:06.980
so that they can be better prepared.
link |
00:21:09.980
Let's talk about one of my favorite topics, Snapdragon.
link |
00:21:14.840
So Snapdragon is a system on a chip.
link |
00:21:17.380
This processor has probably powered billions of smartphones
link |
00:21:21.420
over its pretty long history now,
link |
00:21:23.940
a decade and a half maybe.
link |
00:21:26.120
So it's constantly iterating.
link |
00:21:27.320
There's constantly just like a turmoil of beautiful
link |
00:21:29.540
innovations happening.
link |
00:21:30.660
So last year it was Snapdragon 888 was the main one
link |
00:21:34.220
with the five nanometer,
link |
00:21:35.700
and this year it's Snapdragon 8Gen1.
link |
00:21:40.100
It's a new naming scheme.
link |
00:21:41.700
Okay, what's the sexiest, most beautiful idea
link |
00:21:44.820
or concept to you about Snapdragon?
link |
00:21:47.060
Start there.
link |
00:21:47.980
The way I would describe it,
link |
00:21:49.100
and I think the reason we have been successful with it,
link |
00:21:53.340
is to really understand how to build a platform,
link |
00:21:59.380
a single chip, like a single chip,
link |
00:22:02.780
that will have every single capability
link |
00:22:06.300
if you wanna make this smartphone
link |
00:22:08.860
in the palm of your hand,
link |
00:22:11.360
something that has all of your computing needs.
link |
00:22:13.540
And it was the ability to get,
link |
00:22:15.220
from an engineering standpoint,
link |
00:22:17.340
ability to get into a single chip
link |
00:22:20.140
of not only all possible connectivity technology,
link |
00:22:24.260
from cellular to wifi to Bluetooth
link |
00:22:26.700
to every single constellation of satellites
link |
00:22:29.980
for position location.
link |
00:22:31.540
But at the same time,
link |
00:22:33.580
a very power efficient single thread and multi threaded CPU.
link |
00:22:39.540
A GPU for all of your graphic demands,
link |
00:22:44.500
gaming, fastest growing segment for gaming,
link |
00:22:47.620
is mobile gaming.
link |
00:22:50.100
An artificial intelligence processor,
link |
00:22:52.180
which we call the neuro processor unit.
link |
00:22:55.140
And then a video engine,
link |
00:22:58.040
and a multimedia engine for every single application,
link |
00:23:01.660
audio, everything.
link |
00:23:03.780
So it's a single chip
link |
00:23:06.460
that has every single computing technology
link |
00:23:09.380
you need in the phone.
link |
00:23:10.620
And what's exciting about it is what we already knew.
link |
00:23:14.340
For example, when you think about camera or computer vision,
link |
00:23:17.340
you see that the advancements in the technology
link |
00:23:20.720
now happens in the smartphone first
link |
00:23:25.120
versus additional camera.
link |
00:23:26.360
So the beauty about the Snapdragon is
link |
00:23:29.160
we always have this thing within Qualcomm.
link |
00:23:33.000
The phone, it's small.
link |
00:23:35.840
You have to be able to hold it.
link |
00:23:37.240
You're gonna touch your face so you cannot be hot.
link |
00:23:40.600
You have to manage thermals.
link |
00:23:43.240
You expect to have a full day of battery life.
link |
00:23:47.660
But then you want it to not be sending data
link |
00:23:51.000
into 10 or 100 megabits.
link |
00:23:53.900
You want gigabits.
link |
00:23:55.480
You want it to be able to have eight core processors.
link |
00:23:58.760
You want to have a GPU with ray tracing.
link |
00:24:01.400
You want to have all of the things
link |
00:24:03.280
that you can only get into sometimes a desktop PC.
link |
00:24:08.520
And to do all of that in your phone
link |
00:24:11.340
and be able to be in the leadership position
link |
00:24:14.140
generation after generation is an incredible thing.
link |
00:24:17.000
And we're very proud of that at Qualcomm.
link |
00:24:18.980
Yeah, so you have to do the WiFi, 5G, all of the...
link |
00:24:22.320
And you have to be good to everyone of those technologies.
link |
00:24:24.960
And pack it all in.
link |
00:24:26.280
And there's also pressure to make the thing
link |
00:24:28.760
faster and faster and faster.
link |
00:24:30.680
And then there's more and more applications
link |
00:24:32.440
you're supposed to be effortlessly using.
link |
00:24:34.800
And then you mentioned the NPU, GPU, CPU.
link |
00:24:37.560
They have to also dance together somehow.
link |
00:24:40.440
They have to communicate well, share memory or not,
link |
00:24:42.800
depending on what the application is.
link |
00:24:44.400
And your battery has to last all day.
link |
00:24:48.240
So think about that.
link |
00:24:49.080
From a company like Qualcomm, we have to be good
link |
00:24:51.840
in each and every one of those technologies.
link |
00:24:53.760
We can't just say, oh, we're a CPU company
link |
00:24:55.400
or a GPU company or we're AI company.
link |
00:24:57.920
We have to do everything.
link |
00:24:59.840
What does it take to design a great processor?
link |
00:25:02.920
So design this system on a chip that you mentioned.
link |
00:25:06.160
Is there some insight you can provide
link |
00:25:08.120
in this chaos of engineers, designers, leaders,
link |
00:25:15.520
the people that think about how much
link |
00:25:16.840
this is all gonna cost, the whole mess of it?
link |
00:25:19.760
I'm, of course, very partial about it.
link |
00:25:21.760
I've been in this company for probably more than 26 years.
link |
00:25:25.000
But I will argue that there are a couple things
link |
00:25:28.500
that are ingredients for success.
link |
00:25:31.880
So we talk about the fact that they have
link |
00:25:33.400
all those different technologies.
link |
00:25:34.640
They evolve at their own pace.
link |
00:25:36.240
And you have to be good in each one of them.
link |
00:25:38.880
And you need to then to make them working together.
link |
00:25:41.040
So you need to have an engineering organization
link |
00:25:44.900
that's with an incredible collaboration culture
link |
00:25:50.560
because everybody has to be working.
link |
00:25:52.600
The train's gonna leave the station.
link |
00:25:54.280
Every cart needs to be there when it leaves the station.
link |
00:25:57.720
It needs to leave on time,
link |
00:25:58.720
especially in the phone business.
link |
00:26:00.280
You can't change Christmas.
link |
00:26:02.220
You cannot change Black Friday.
link |
00:26:04.060
You cannot change all of the selling seasons.
link |
00:26:06.480
So the phones are gonna launch on time.
link |
00:26:08.960
And every technology needs to be there.
link |
00:26:10.280
The engineer needs to work as one.
link |
00:26:12.760
And we do have that at Qualcomm.
link |
00:26:14.620
The other thing, you have to have incredible discipline
link |
00:26:18.440
because those are very complex systems.
link |
00:26:22.680
So in one way, you have to design with quality
link |
00:26:28.320
because in many cases, we're gonna be ramping production.
link |
00:26:32.080
And even before we have the silicon back
link |
00:26:34.760
and you have to rely on our simulation models
link |
00:26:38.400
and you have to rely on the fact
link |
00:26:41.480
that you design for commercial applications.
link |
00:26:45.060
That takes a while to build.
link |
00:26:48.200
And it's probably been the history
link |
00:26:52.120
of a semiconductor business at Qualcomm.
link |
00:26:54.140
So you mean like the framework
link |
00:26:55.480
of how many people can use simulation software
link |
00:26:57.680
and all that kind of stuff to build the thing
link |
00:26:59.960
with a hard deadline that you might not even get back
link |
00:27:02.840
from like manufacturer before.
link |
00:27:06.760
You're not allowed to have any mistakes.
link |
00:27:08.200
No wonder our name is quality communications.
link |
00:27:11.080
Oh, I never even thought about the qual part.
link |
00:27:13.440
Quality.
link |
00:27:14.600
So quality and there's a bar that's high
link |
00:27:17.400
and you're not allowed to mess up.
link |
00:27:19.040
I mean, to me as an engineer, that's exciting.
link |
00:27:21.000
Hard deadlines, no room for mistakes.
link |
00:27:25.800
I love it.
link |
00:27:26.640
Super stressful, but I love it.
link |
00:27:27.960
So there's a couple of other small companies
link |
00:27:33.760
called Google and Apple.
link |
00:27:36.200
So Google is now using its own chip for the Pixel 6.
link |
00:27:39.440
Apple using its own.
link |
00:27:41.560
How does Qualcomm out compete Google and Apple?
link |
00:27:45.680
How does it beat them?
link |
00:27:46.840
We don't have to out compete Google.
link |
00:27:48.520
Actually, if you look at our mobile strategy today,
link |
00:27:51.240
and then one thing I was very clear when I became CEO,
link |
00:27:53.640
I think there's a lot of confusion in the market.
link |
00:27:55.240
Our mobile strategy is very clear.
link |
00:27:58.080
We are focused of making Snapdragon synonymous
link |
00:28:02.000
with premium Android experience.
link |
00:28:04.840
That's what Snapdragon is.
link |
00:28:06.160
Android, the phone of the people.
link |
00:28:08.400
Yes.
link |
00:28:10.680
I just have a love for Android.
link |
00:28:12.120
I'm constantly talking trash to iPhone people.
link |
00:28:13.920
Sorry, go ahead.
link |
00:28:14.760
Premium Android experiences.
link |
00:28:16.640
So we do produce Snapdragon in multiple tier
link |
00:28:20.680
for every price point, but every year,
link |
00:28:23.640
you mentioned the HN1,
link |
00:28:26.120
and every year we'll provide the flagship product.
link |
00:28:29.720
And then the other series that is trying to get the best
link |
00:28:33.960
of every possible technology at that time.
link |
00:28:36.680
And it's really focused on enabling the Android ecosystem.
link |
00:28:41.520
So I'll give an example.
link |
00:28:42.920
So you asked me the question, how to compete with Google.
link |
00:28:45.400
It's not about competing with Google.
link |
00:28:46.640
We're the number one enabler
link |
00:28:48.600
of the Google Android ecosystem.
link |
00:28:51.840
And the largest, the number one customer there
link |
00:28:56.320
is actually Samsung.
link |
00:28:58.200
And if you look what happened to Samsung,
link |
00:29:00.760
Samsung, I always said,
link |
00:29:05.440
since I began my relationship with them,
link |
00:29:08.800
that cause they always had their own chip.
link |
00:29:10.440
They always had their own chip.
link |
00:29:12.120
And if you'll just look at what happened right now
link |
00:29:14.800
with the Galaxy S22 that just launched,
link |
00:29:17.960
they used to balance their business about 50% Qualcomm.
link |
00:29:21.600
They will get the most advanced markets
link |
00:29:23.640
like the United States and China and Japan and Korea,
link |
00:29:27.000
they will assign to Qualcomm.
link |
00:29:28.440
And then they'll have their own chip for the markets
link |
00:29:31.320
that they would be like more emerging markets,
link |
00:29:34.040
open markets, markets that they have a control
link |
00:29:35.920
on the channel because they sell a lot of appliances
link |
00:29:38.440
and other things.
link |
00:29:39.840
If you look what happened right now, GS22,
link |
00:29:42.360
75% is Qualcomm.
link |
00:29:46.480
And then the next large OEMs and Android ecosystem
link |
00:29:51.680
are the Chinese ones.
link |
00:29:52.920
Companies like Xiaomi, one of the fastest growing.
link |
00:29:56.600
It was number one in Europe at some point last year,
link |
00:30:00.320
then followed by Oppo and OnePlus and Vivo.
link |
00:30:03.720
So those are some of the largest Qualcomm customers.
link |
00:30:06.640
And they actually drive the Android ecosystem.
link |
00:30:12.640
And that's our mobile strategy
link |
00:30:14.200
and fully aligned with Google and it's working.
link |
00:30:18.720
And not to get into a lot of the investor conversation,
link |
00:30:24.000
but we're also happy we became a beneficiary
link |
00:30:29.440
of the shifts that we saw in the marketplace.
link |
00:30:31.920
As Huawei became a smaller OEM
link |
00:30:35.120
as a result of the sanctions,
link |
00:30:37.400
we saw the rise of a lot of the other OEMs from China,
link |
00:30:42.200
especially for China domestic market, Xiaomi, Oppo, Vivo.
link |
00:30:46.160
They moved to the premium category
link |
00:30:47.960
and they're all doing that with Qualcomm.
link |
00:30:49.600
So we're actually very fortunate and happy
link |
00:30:53.120
with the position we are in mobile business.
link |
00:30:55.760
We do have an Apple relationship.
link |
00:30:57.680
We provide modem technology to Apple.
link |
00:31:02.480
It's a multi year relationship.
link |
00:31:03.720
Apple has been very public that they are investing
link |
00:31:07.160
to develop their own modem.
link |
00:31:09.480
But the Qualcomm strategy has been clear.
link |
00:31:12.840
We're really focused on Snapdragon.
link |
00:31:16.360
Our mobile strategy is not defined
link |
00:31:18.480
by providing a cellular modem to Apple.
link |
00:31:20.840
Our mobile strategy is this that we just talked about it.
link |
00:31:23.120
It's about the unique thing of Snapdragon
link |
00:31:25.200
that has every single technology
link |
00:31:27.360
integrated into a single SOC.
link |
00:31:29.700
And provides a premium experience.
link |
00:31:32.160
And that's what we're doing
link |
00:31:33.400
and focusing on the Android ecosystem.
link |
00:31:37.000
I don't know if I can ask you this kind of question.
link |
00:31:39.720
It's like picking your children or something like this.
link |
00:31:42.240
But what smartphone with a Snapdragon?
link |
00:31:45.640
You mentioned Samsung Galaxy S22, OnePlus.
link |
00:31:49.240
Those are phones I personally really enjoy.
link |
00:31:52.560
What phone do you currently use?
link |
00:31:54.380
Or do you have multiple phones?
link |
00:31:55.720
I do have multiple phones but I do use Galaxy S22.
link |
00:31:59.720
That's your favorite one?
link |
00:32:01.020
All right, well you heard it here first folks.
link |
00:32:03.440
Okay, so excellent.
link |
00:32:04.860
Can Qualcomm also, let's take a brief step away from mobile.
link |
00:32:09.920
And take on Intel and Apple and other such companies
link |
00:32:13.560
in the laptop and desktop space.
link |
00:32:15.240
So the nature of what a computer is seems to be changing.
link |
00:32:18.700
It's like smartphones like merging.
link |
00:32:21.320
It's all being a smartphone just with the biggest screen
link |
00:32:23.840
or something like this.
link |
00:32:24.680
So what does the future of that look like?
link |
00:32:26.740
Before I answer that question,
link |
00:32:28.400
let me just step back a little bit.
link |
00:32:30.440
Because, and I'm sure we can talk more about those things.
link |
00:32:33.560
But the reality is Qualcomm is changing a lot.
link |
00:32:37.920
And we use, I know we spend a lot of time
link |
00:32:40.120
talking about 5G and smartphone and Snapdragon.
link |
00:32:42.760
And I think that has been what had defined Qualcomm
link |
00:32:45.480
for many years.
link |
00:32:46.320
But the reality is, even consistent
link |
00:32:48.720
with that 5G conversation, which is a technology
link |
00:32:51.580
to connect everything, Qualcomm is also changing.
link |
00:32:56.400
Our technology that was in many cases designed for phones.
link |
00:33:00.820
And we said at the beginning, connectivity and processing.
link |
00:33:05.360
It's going to virtually every industry.
link |
00:33:07.880
And as a result, Qualcomm is really changing with it
link |
00:33:12.040
and expanding to a number of different addressable markets.
link |
00:33:15.760
Some of those markets is the PC, as you talk about it.
link |
00:33:21.060
The conversions of mobile and PC.
link |
00:33:24.580
And the reason I'm excited about this,
link |
00:33:27.000
because you see a lot of things happening
link |
00:33:28.840
that bring this right front and center
link |
00:33:31.680
when you think about the future technology.
link |
00:33:33.440
So what we learn with the pandemic
link |
00:33:37.560
is that the number one use case of personal computers
link |
00:33:42.020
is communications.
link |
00:33:45.040
It is interesting when you think about that.
link |
00:33:46.480
That's the number one use case on a PC today
link |
00:33:49.400
is communications.
link |
00:33:50.720
It's actually funny because in the cellular industry,
link |
00:33:53.600
actually I'll say, let me step back.
link |
00:33:55.240
In the telecom industry, we've been chasing
link |
00:33:59.240
this killer application of video telephony for decades.
link |
00:34:03.720
I remember back then in the wire line,
link |
00:34:08.060
even before the internet and IP, ISDN,
link |
00:34:11.440
you remember those AT&T desk phones with a little screen
link |
00:34:15.480
and they said, you can do video telephony.
link |
00:34:17.200
We don't watch that in Back to the Future 2.
link |
00:34:21.340
Then when we started developing 3G,
link |
00:34:23.520
people said, what's the application for having data
link |
00:34:25.680
to a cell phone?
link |
00:34:26.520
All video telephony.
link |
00:34:27.600
Then we started doing 4G.
link |
00:34:30.320
And in the beginning, people said,
link |
00:34:32.120
well, why do you need all of this broadband?
link |
00:34:33.700
All video telephony.
link |
00:34:35.440
But it took a pandemic to make video telephony
link |
00:34:39.120
the killer application.
link |
00:34:40.600
And that's now the number one use case on a PC.
link |
00:34:44.860
So now think about that for a second.
link |
00:34:47.280
Personal computers now, they're technologies
link |
00:34:49.440
that people when they were gonna buy a PC,
link |
00:34:50.900
they didn't care much about it.
link |
00:34:51.880
Now they do, camera.
link |
00:34:53.880
Camera, how good is the camera?
link |
00:34:55.760
The audio, is that connected?
link |
00:34:57.900
How good is the connectivity?
link |
00:34:58.920
Do you have the latest and greatest wifi and cellular?
link |
00:35:01.960
What's the battery life?
link |
00:35:03.360
Because you're gonna be working from anywhere.
link |
00:35:04.940
Sometimes you know that, sometimes you're not.
link |
00:35:07.260
So all those things, what's the portability like?
link |
00:35:09.720
So those things started to change
link |
00:35:11.640
how we should think about the PC.
link |
00:35:13.720
But I won't stop there.
link |
00:35:15.360
Let me talk about another trend.
link |
00:35:17.080
So, and all come as a result of what we saw the pandemic.
link |
00:35:21.800
Let's say that you are,
link |
00:35:23.440
you're an engineer, you do computer aided design.
link |
00:35:25.720
You have an advanced desktop computer
link |
00:35:30.340
or workstation in your office.
link |
00:35:33.080
But you wanna work from home someday.
link |
00:35:35.160
So you're not gonna move that to your home.
link |
00:35:37.240
So what do you need to do?
link |
00:35:38.120
You're gonna have to rely on that.
link |
00:35:40.280
You're gonna run that on the cloud.
link |
00:35:41.840
And you're gonna run it on the cloud.
link |
00:35:43.120
You need high bandwidth
link |
00:35:44.800
because you almost wanted the cloud
link |
00:35:46.720
to be the same as your computer for that use case.
link |
00:35:50.360
That's the 5G on demand computing use case.
link |
00:35:53.600
The use 5G is almost a link between two computers.
link |
00:35:57.220
But then, you know, CIOs are saying,
link |
00:35:59.640
well, my workforce is going home for certain days.
link |
00:36:02.320
I want all the data to be in the cloud.
link |
00:36:04.560
You look at, for example, Microsoft OneDrive
link |
00:36:07.040
or the ability to collaborate, you need the bandwidth.
link |
00:36:10.320
So when you put all of those things together,
link |
00:36:13.840
you start thinking about what is the next generation PC?
link |
00:36:17.240
And that's the opportunity for Qualcomm.
link |
00:36:19.120
I'll just give an example.
link |
00:36:21.120
Back in Mobile World Congress recently, Lenovo,
link |
00:36:26.880
they have a line of enterprise laptops called the ThinkPad.
link |
00:36:32.560
I'm sure you're familiar with it.
link |
00:36:34.040
So they announced the ThinkPad based on Snapdragon.
link |
00:36:38.280
With 5G on, 28 hours of battery life.
link |
00:36:42.960
So that's next generation.
link |
00:36:45.800
It's just a nice screen with extremely high, nice screen
link |
00:36:49.160
and keyboard, and extremely high connectivity
link |
00:36:52.360
to maybe an even more, like a more powerful machine
link |
00:36:54.920
in the cloud.
link |
00:36:55.760
Something more, the data, connecting to the data,
link |
00:36:57.920
connecting to compute, all that kind of stuff.
link |
00:36:59.600
You have the camera capabilities,
link |
00:37:01.560
and let me go one step more.
link |
00:37:03.240
Microsoft talking about some of the other features
link |
00:37:05.720
they're doing now using, on Windows 11, using Snapdragon.
link |
00:37:10.980
Remember, we talk about it,
link |
00:37:12.000
Snapdragon has an AI processor inside there.
link |
00:37:15.620
So one of the cool features Microsoft's talking about it is
link |
00:37:19.120
you can be on a Teams call, and you can make sure
link |
00:37:22.000
your eyes are looking at the camera 100% of the time.
link |
00:37:25.760
Well, that's an interesting,
link |
00:37:27.160
so they can be talking about that.
link |
00:37:28.000
And you do that with AI.
link |
00:37:29.320
Yes, that's really tricky to pull off.
link |
00:37:32.160
For example, the reason I'm a huge stickler
link |
00:37:34.080
for doing these in person, these conversations in person,
link |
00:37:36.640
it's really tough to get right.
link |
00:37:38.280
But it's a worthy challenge.
link |
00:37:39.960
So that's where the metaverse hopes to,
link |
00:37:41.820
so like, I just, because you said the importance
link |
00:37:43.900
of this telephony of humans connecting,
link |
00:37:46.320
teleporting themselves, getting that right
link |
00:37:48.760
is really difficult.
link |
00:37:49.920
There's a lot of people hate Zoom meetings,
link |
00:37:52.120
but that doesn't mean you can't improve that experience
link |
00:37:55.480
and get rid of the hate.
link |
00:37:57.240
A lot of people hate talking to their car too,
link |
00:37:59.120
because the voice, the natural language processing
link |
00:38:02.060
is terrible, but when it's not, it's a beautiful thing.
link |
00:38:04.920
So getting that right is.
link |
00:38:06.120
This is an opportunity, this is an opportunity.
link |
00:38:08.400
Think about it, it starts with the PC,
link |
00:38:10.520
making the PC giving you a better experience for teams,
link |
00:38:14.320
but then it goes right back into this trend
link |
00:38:18.200
of connecting physical and digital spaces.
link |
00:38:20.520
And all the work we're doing with the metaverse
link |
00:38:23.240
and virtual reality and metareality in the future
link |
00:38:25.280
is why not call somebody or connect with somebody
link |
00:38:28.680
with a hologram, it's possible.
link |
00:38:30.420
And also to mention some increasing amount
link |
00:38:33.840
of intelligence in our cars.
link |
00:38:36.080
So semi autonomous, autonomous cars,
link |
00:38:38.080
and the interactivity between human and car,
link |
00:38:41.840
which for me, things are really exciting.
link |
00:38:44.920
Let me ask you a big question.
link |
00:38:46.080
So when aliens again now on the other side, right,
link |
00:38:49.600
and humans destroy themselves through nuclear war
link |
00:38:51.720
centuries from now.
link |
00:38:52.760
Let's hope not.
link |
00:38:53.600
Let's hope not.
link |
00:38:54.420
But in case, you know, let's just hypothetical
link |
00:38:56.200
thought experiment.
link |
00:38:57.040
And they write a history of humanity in the 21st century.
link |
00:39:01.720
What would they remember Qualcomm in the 21st century
link |
00:39:05.560
as a company?
link |
00:39:06.400
Would it be a car company?
link |
00:39:08.160
Like think of all the crazy pivots that might happen
link |
00:39:10.720
in the next like 50 years.
link |
00:39:13.240
Because you're thinking, you said Qualcomm enables
link |
00:39:15.840
all of these things with 5G and there'll be probably
link |
00:39:18.680
other Gs, it keeps increasing.
link |
00:39:20.920
So basically connectivity and computation
link |
00:39:23.640
and everything becomes connected and everything
link |
00:39:25.800
is capable of computation.
link |
00:39:27.720
Might you become a robotics and car company?
link |
00:39:30.920
I will argue we're already an automotive company today.
link |
00:39:36.600
But let me tell you what I would like Qualcomm to be,
link |
00:39:40.420
remember and recognize for.
link |
00:39:43.040
I think everyone that knows Qualcomm immediately,
link |
00:39:47.040
you know, connect us, pun intended,
link |
00:39:49.920
to connectivity and wireless.
link |
00:39:52.040
But the reality is we're being actually the company
link |
00:39:54.840
providing intelligence and processing to everything
link |
00:39:58.760
on the edge, everything outside the data center
link |
00:40:01.960
that we're doing.
link |
00:40:02.920
Those billions of devices that are gonna be connected.
link |
00:40:05.820
And that's kind of explained when we talk about
link |
00:40:08.780
the connected intelligent edge, the beyond phones,
link |
00:40:11.580
cars, species, and all of those.
link |
00:40:13.960
And the broader IOTs, we talk about everything
link |
00:40:16.520
will be connected and intelligent.
link |
00:40:18.040
And that's what we want Qualcomm to be recognized for.
link |
00:40:20.880
So by the way, for people who are not familiar,
link |
00:40:23.120
there's some technical jargon.
link |
00:40:25.000
People use the word edge, like edge computing.
link |
00:40:28.520
It's, by the way, that's probably changing
link |
00:40:30.720
what that even means.
link |
00:40:31.960
But it's basically everything that's not a giant thing
link |
00:40:34.040
that's making a lot of noise in a building somewhere.
link |
00:40:36.280
So it's mobile devices and the mobile devices
link |
00:40:39.940
of all kinds, well, a refrigerator's not mobile,
link |
00:40:42.440
but it would be edge.
link |
00:40:43.720
So it's like what's a sandwich, that kind of discussion.
link |
00:40:48.640
But basically edge computing is the edge
link |
00:40:53.160
of that expanding space that you mentioned
link |
00:40:56.300
that Qualcomm is trying to connect
link |
00:40:59.240
and enable with computation.
link |
00:41:00.680
Here's a simple way to describe what the edge is
link |
00:41:04.000
and edge computing is.
link |
00:41:05.520
I think as we think about the evolution of the data center,
link |
00:41:09.560
you need to bring the computational closer
link |
00:41:12.400
to where the device is.
link |
00:41:14.040
Also, when you put the computation together
link |
00:41:17.000
with the connectivity at the same time,
link |
00:41:19.720
you're gonna see a lot of advancement
link |
00:41:22.000
of artificial intelligence happening closer
link |
00:41:25.120
or at the device.
link |
00:41:26.760
Look, it's a very, I have a simple way to describe it.
link |
00:41:29.480
Remember in the beginning of this conversation,
link |
00:41:31.940
we talk about in the 4G era, broadband
link |
00:41:35.720
and mobile computing evolved side by side.
link |
00:41:38.920
If you're gonna have broadband,
link |
00:41:40.000
you might as well have a computer in the palm of your hand.
link |
00:41:41.920
So we needed to invest in those two technologies.
link |
00:41:45.160
In 5G, AI develops side by side.
link |
00:41:49.840
You're connected to the cloud 100% of the time.
link |
00:41:52.480
You have a high bandwidth and you have now
link |
00:41:54.400
a smart and intelligent thing that can make decision
link |
00:41:56.880
in real time, provide context information to the cloud
link |
00:42:00.720
to make the models more accurate
link |
00:42:02.480
and as well compare and contrast to the cloud.
link |
00:42:05.240
So there's gonna be an exponential development of AI
link |
00:42:08.520
happening with all the edge devices,
link |
00:42:11.840
the devices that are outside the data center
link |
00:42:14.240
and computation is gonna go alongside that.
link |
00:42:16.880
And a great example of that is the car.
link |
00:42:19.600
The car, we haven't talked much about the car,
link |
00:42:22.880
but Qualcomm is now, you could argue was as much
link |
00:42:26.600
as an automotive company as wireless company,
link |
00:42:28.680
working 26 global brands.
link |
00:42:32.000
And it's easy to see, if you look at our mobile heritage
link |
00:42:36.440
and we talk about form factors, thermal, battery life,
link |
00:42:40.900
you're not gonna put a server in a trunk of a car,
link |
00:42:43.440
but you need as much computational capabilities.
link |
00:42:46.520
And that's we see Qualcomm providing,
link |
00:42:49.760
as the car become a connected computer on wheels,
link |
00:42:53.120
we provide the computational and all the sensors
link |
00:42:56.120
for you to do assisted driving
link |
00:42:57.680
for the new digital cockpit experience
link |
00:42:59.800
connecting the car to the cloud
link |
00:43:01.560
and it's all of that's happening at the edge.
link |
00:43:03.960
Does Qualcomm want to be the brain
link |
00:43:05.920
of a lot of autonomous vehicles in the future
link |
00:43:07.800
of different, you said brands, like Mercedes,
link |
00:43:10.480
BMW, I don't know, whatever, just whatever car.
link |
00:43:13.320
Cars have the sexy thing they do
link |
00:43:15.760
and then it defines their brand and so on.
link |
00:43:18.520
And then there's the brain
link |
00:43:19.840
that doesn't need to have branding supposedly.
link |
00:43:22.480
So does Qualcomm see that
link |
00:43:23.860
or will I be able to buy a Qualcomm car?
link |
00:43:26.480
Like literally it'll be Qualcomm.
link |
00:43:27.480
No, you're not gonna be able to buy a Qualcomm car,
link |
00:43:29.280
but we are ready on our way to become the brains of the car.
link |
00:43:35.920
The way you should think about Qualcomm automotive strategy
link |
00:43:38.640
is the car companies realize
link |
00:43:42.160
they need to become technology companies.
link |
00:43:44.160
You just look, for example, of the market cap
link |
00:43:47.120
of some of the new electrical commerce
link |
00:43:50.760
and compare them with the legacy car companies.
link |
00:43:55.680
Which one is that?
link |
00:43:56.520
I heard of, one of them lives in Austin.
link |
00:44:00.640
Let's say Rivian, right?
link |
00:44:02.200
Rivian.
link |
00:44:03.040
Oh, that one too, yes.
link |
00:44:03.880
You know, the car companies are not going away.
link |
00:44:05.680
It's actually a mistake not to bet in the car companies.
link |
00:44:09.640
The car companies need a technology partner.
link |
00:44:12.640
They will provide the digital chassis for them.
link |
00:44:16.680
And that's what we're doing.
link |
00:44:18.120
So if you look at Qualcomm,
link |
00:44:19.240
we talk about a Snapdragon digital chassis.
link |
00:44:22.320
So we want to be the preferred technology partner
link |
00:44:27.680
of the car companies, and I think it's working.
link |
00:44:30.680
Strategy is working right now.
link |
00:44:32.000
So basically helping the car companies
link |
00:44:34.680
accelerate into becoming technology companies.
link |
00:44:37.680
Connecting the car to the cloud,
link |
00:44:39.380
redesign the interior of the digital cockpit experience,
link |
00:44:42.920
and provide the computation and sensor capabilities
link |
00:44:45.520
for autonomy and assisted driving.
link |
00:44:48.280
On the topic of robots, when millions or billions
link |
00:44:50.800
of robots roam the earth in the future among us humans,
link |
00:44:54.320
and I am for one concerned in a small percentage,
link |
00:44:59.560
but largely I'm excited about that future,
link |
00:45:02.200
will Qualcomm be the thing that powers their brain?
link |
00:45:08.520
We have in our IoT business,
link |
00:45:10.840
which has been one of the fastest growing business for us,
link |
00:45:13.860
a number of robotics engagement.
link |
00:45:16.860
So I'll give you some example.
link |
00:45:18.980
If you look of the Amazon Astro,
link |
00:45:23.180
you familiar with that?
link |
00:45:24.220
There's two Snapdragon in there.
link |
00:45:28.860
There is?
link |
00:45:29.700
This is really exciting.
link |
00:45:30.540
They're supposed to ship it to me.
link |
00:45:31.460
Where is it?
link |
00:45:32.340
Okay, but anyway, that's really cool.
link |
00:45:33.880
I didn't know it was Snapdragon.
link |
00:45:35.100
Yeah, we're working with robotics in industrial.
link |
00:45:39.720
Of course, drones.
link |
00:45:41.300
We're getting more and more traction for robotics.
link |
00:45:44.900
Sorry to interrupt.
link |
00:45:45.740
Industrial robotics, too, you said?
link |
00:45:47.260
Industrial, especially when you think about
link |
00:45:51.940
what's gonna happen with the factory of the future,
link |
00:45:55.760
the industrial side of the future,
link |
00:45:57.060
the warehouse of the future,
link |
00:45:58.200
when you bring 5G, for example, to it,
link |
00:46:01.520
and you have a number of different use cases,
link |
00:46:04.540
and then you see a lot of robotics application.
link |
00:46:09.120
And of course, drones.
link |
00:46:11.820
And the most famous, I will consider that a robot,
link |
00:46:16.500
the most famous robot in the world right now,
link |
00:46:19.960
it's powered by Snapdragon,
link |
00:46:21.300
which is the Mars Ingenuity helicopter.
link |
00:46:24.500
The whole helicopter, the cameras and everything,
link |
00:46:27.360
it's powered by Snapdragon.
link |
00:46:28.780
And talking about exciting thing for an engineer,
link |
00:46:32.780
the same Snapdragon that goes to a phone,
link |
00:46:35.140
and it can go to a Galaxy phone, for example, Samsung,
link |
00:46:37.740
the same, not a special one, went all the way to Mars.
link |
00:46:42.260
Is exploring other planets, looking for alien life,
link |
00:46:45.020
and maybe gets to meet them.
link |
00:46:46.120
Wouldn't that be interesting,
link |
00:46:47.100
if a Snapdragon is the thing that first sees an alien?
link |
00:46:49.720
It's like, what the hell?
link |
00:46:50.640
We did not program this in the computer vision.
link |
00:46:52.340
I once used the example to go back
link |
00:46:53.980
to the conversation we had about quality.
link |
00:46:57.140
As an engineer, you need to make sure it works.
link |
00:46:59.580
Can you imagine if it gets over there on Mars
link |
00:47:01.260
and it doesn't work?
link |
00:47:02.100
Listen, this is very stressful.
link |
00:47:04.060
What NASA, what SpaceX, what all those companies are doing
link |
00:47:07.020
is extremely stressful.
link |
00:47:08.100
The room for mistakes is tiny.
link |
00:47:10.580
But that's super exciting for an engineer, once again.
link |
00:47:14.920
There's been a global semiconductor chip shortage.
link |
00:47:17.340
So from your perspective, just it'd be interesting
link |
00:47:19.720
to get your expert analysis of the situation.
link |
00:47:23.380
What do you think are the main reasons
link |
00:47:24.780
and how has Qualcomm been affected and how can it help?
link |
00:47:28.580
In this, in the future, things like it.
link |
00:47:31.380
Okay, that's a big topic of conversation.
link |
00:47:36.380
And we only have five minutes.
link |
00:47:38.060
So I'll try to be as objective as I can.
link |
00:47:41.880
So first, let's talk about what caused it.
link |
00:47:43.780
And you hear a lot of different things.
link |
00:47:46.460
I will try to put it within the right context.
link |
00:47:48.820
The first thing that caused it, really,
link |
00:47:51.320
is the acceleration of digital transformation
link |
00:47:54.900
of pretty much everything in every industry.
link |
00:47:59.180
Every industry has been digitally transformed.
link |
00:48:01.340
And as such, the amount of semiconductors
link |
00:48:04.940
that are required is much larger.
link |
00:48:07.420
Just to give you a practical example,
link |
00:48:09.020
if you think about the automotive as an example,
link |
00:48:11.660
the cars that are, there's cars that are launched,
link |
00:48:15.100
a new model launching today.
link |
00:48:17.180
The new model launching today most likely has 10X
link |
00:48:20.700
the amount of chips of the prior model.
link |
00:48:23.940
And the model that people are working on
link |
00:48:25.700
that's coming in next, probably 10X that one.
link |
00:48:28.460
So you see the amount of silicon
link |
00:48:30.140
and then billions of things become smart.
link |
00:48:32.580
More and more data goes to the cloud.
link |
00:48:34.420
The data center grows.
link |
00:48:35.820
So the floor for semiconductor consumptions went up by a lot.
link |
00:48:40.500
Then you have things that aggravated this.
link |
00:48:43.180
The pandemic aggravated this.
link |
00:48:45.100
There is a couple of trends from the pandemic.
link |
00:48:47.820
The enterprise transformation of the home.
link |
00:48:50.100
The home became an enterprise.
link |
00:48:51.540
Massive amounts of upgrades on broadband and IoT.
link |
00:48:57.540
The office has changed to the way we work now,
link |
00:49:02.700
including the ability to support collaboration tools
link |
00:49:05.300
and video.
link |
00:49:06.780
Then you have the higher demand for products
link |
00:49:14.140
during the pandemic because people wanted to be connected.
link |
00:49:17.700
People bought new phones and new tablets
link |
00:49:19.340
and new computers, new gaming.
link |
00:49:22.140
So all of those things came on top of that
link |
00:49:24.780
as the aggravated issue, but they're not the main issue.
link |
00:49:28.580
The main issue is it's actually a long term growth
link |
00:49:34.020
of digital.
link |
00:49:35.180
So what I'm hearing you say is the pandemic
link |
00:49:38.380
was not the cause, it was an aggravation.
link |
00:49:40.780
It was an aggravation.
link |
00:49:41.620
So is there a way we can support as a human civilization
link |
00:49:48.260
in terms of manufacture, in terms of supply,
link |
00:49:51.420
the kind of growth that you're talking about
link |
00:49:53.900
in devices and so on?
link |
00:49:55.620
Is there high level ideas you can say
link |
00:49:58.060
of what that's required there?
link |
00:49:59.940
Yes, and I think that's the second part of the answer.
link |
00:50:02.500
So what's happening now?
link |
00:50:03.860
How are we gonna get out of this?
link |
00:50:05.540
So we see a lot of capacity investments
link |
00:50:10.140
put into place by the industry.
link |
00:50:12.900
We had invested a lot with our suppliers.
link |
00:50:15.740
A lot of the suppliers had made plans
link |
00:50:19.500
about increasing the capacity.
link |
00:50:22.140
The industry is planning to double
link |
00:50:24.380
its total semiconductor manufacturing capacity
link |
00:50:27.180
within the next five years, an example.
link |
00:50:30.140
So that's already happening.
link |
00:50:31.460
And then you see things which are actually good.
link |
00:50:33.900
They're good.
link |
00:50:35.300
The initiative such as the United States CHIPS Act
link |
00:50:38.140
and now the European CHIPS Act.
link |
00:50:40.620
The United States CHIPS Act's about $52 billion.
link |
00:50:43.700
The European's about 43.
link |
00:50:45.900
Their goal combined is to get at least 50%
link |
00:50:49.900
of the consumption with manufacturing installed
link |
00:50:54.340
within the US and European geographies.
link |
00:50:57.260
And that's also very good.
link |
00:50:58.340
That's yet another incentive for more manufacturing capacity
link |
00:51:03.180
to be built and to be built
link |
00:51:05.300
with a geographic distributed way,
link |
00:51:08.300
which that's how you plan supply chain.
link |
00:51:09.980
So those I think are good things.
link |
00:51:12.420
So if anything we learn through the crisis
link |
00:51:16.060
is that semiconductor is important.
link |
00:51:19.420
Semiconductor companies are important
link |
00:51:21.380
and we need to invest in semiconductors.
link |
00:51:23.860
We're turning to the grilling of the CEO
link |
00:51:26.140
with the hard questions.
link |
00:51:28.140
This is almost from my own education of the space.
link |
00:51:30.580
You mentioned regulators.
link |
00:51:32.220
Qualcomm paid out and received payment
link |
00:51:34.300
of billions of dollars in settlement and fines.
link |
00:51:38.060
There seems to be a lot of huge lawsuits in this space.
link |
00:51:40.620
How do you explain that?
link |
00:51:42.260
Does this get in the way of innovation
link |
00:51:45.260
or does it promote it?
link |
00:51:46.860
I will rephrase it by saying there used to be a lot
link |
00:51:50.620
of lawsuits in this space.
link |
00:51:51.940
In addition of what we do in semiconductors,
link |
00:51:56.940
our processors and our modems, the Snapdragon platform,
link |
00:52:02.780
we also have a licensing business,
link |
00:52:04.660
which has been a part of the company since the beginning.
link |
00:52:08.060
As the largest inventors of the essential technology
link |
00:52:14.020
in 2G, CDMA, 3G, 4G and 5G,
link |
00:52:19.620
and Qualcomm contribute that to the standards.
link |
00:52:21.820
So we always had this model that rather than invent
link |
00:52:25.740
the technology and be the only one producing the products,
link |
00:52:27.980
we license so everyone can produce it.
link |
00:52:31.940
And as such, we receive intellectual property
link |
00:52:35.940
for the standard essential patents.
link |
00:52:40.580
As part of our past dispute with Apple,
link |
00:52:44.420
that's behind us now.
link |
00:52:46.220
Your friends now.
link |
00:52:47.260
They're my customers.
link |
00:52:49.620
And as part of that, I think the licensing model
link |
00:52:54.580
got tested, I think, in every geography.
link |
00:52:58.580
And we succeeded in every single geography
link |
00:53:02.100
to validate the pro competitiveness of this model.
link |
00:53:06.780
I think the fair, reasonable,
link |
00:53:09.540
non discriminatory aspect of this model.
link |
00:53:12.260
And I would argue that besides being the most successful
link |
00:53:16.420
licensing business to date in the industry,
link |
00:53:19.860
probably the one that's been battle tested
link |
00:53:21.980
and is most stable because there's not a single
link |
00:53:25.020
jurisdiction that we have not had to validate that model.
link |
00:53:29.060
So it's part of our past and what it creates
link |
00:53:32.180
is probably create a lot of stability
link |
00:53:34.220
in our licensing business.
link |
00:53:35.220
But having said that, the growth of the company
link |
00:53:38.300
is in the semiconductor space.
link |
00:53:40.260
And the semiconductor, so licensing is,
link |
00:53:43.300
you come up with a pretty good idea,
link |
00:53:44.860
you have a bunch of smart people coming up with cool ideas,
link |
00:53:48.100
and then once you come up with that idea,
link |
00:53:49.900
you sell that idea to others, they get to use it.
link |
00:53:52.340
That's essentially what a license.
link |
00:53:53.900
The license revenue we have is for the,
link |
00:53:58.060
what we call the SCP, standard essential patents,
link |
00:54:02.180
that are part of the 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G standards.
link |
00:54:07.620
So if you want to build anything with 5G,
link |
00:54:10.860
you need to get a license from Qualcomm
link |
00:54:13.500
because it uses Qualcomm essential technology
link |
00:54:16.860
as part of the standard.
link |
00:54:17.940
And a slightly different model,
link |
00:54:19.580
or a lot different model with the semiconductor
link |
00:54:22.100
is you design, you inject a bunch of fascinating ideas,
link |
00:54:25.820
how to build the Snapdragon, and then there's,
link |
00:54:28.220
because it's a fabulous company,
link |
00:54:29.820
you have somebody build the chip
link |
00:54:33.580
and then goes into a phone with the branding
link |
00:54:35.460
and all that kind of stuff.
link |
00:54:36.740
And that has less kind of players involved,
link |
00:54:40.100
it's not a license.
link |
00:54:40.940
We sell the product.
link |
00:54:42.340
We don't license semiconductor technology,
link |
00:54:45.420
we build products and we sell products.
link |
00:54:49.460
This is your first year as a CEO.
link |
00:54:51.620
Not one year yet.
link |
00:54:52.940
Not one year yet.
link |
00:54:56.100
Let's hope it'll be in June, it'll be one year.
link |
00:54:58.300
Okay.
link |
00:55:00.100
This is a company that's involved
link |
00:55:04.060
with a lot of fascinating technologies
link |
00:55:06.220
and it's touching the lives of billions of people.
link |
00:55:09.540
A lot of complicated stuff.
link |
00:55:11.260
Like I said, licensing technologies.
link |
00:55:13.460
You have to collaborate with manufacturers.
link |
00:55:17.460
You have to then work with, however many you said,
link |
00:55:20.020
car companies and all these clients and so on.
link |
00:55:23.460
And you have to, with tech companies, Apple and so on.
link |
00:55:29.500
What's that like?
link |
00:55:30.460
What lessons have you learned about leadership
link |
00:55:33.060
and maybe about yourself as a human being
link |
00:55:35.100
from this first, almost a year, soon to be a year
link |
00:55:39.460
as a CEO of this incredible, this complex,
link |
00:55:42.060
this large company?
link |
00:55:43.500
That's a loaded question.
link |
00:55:44.540
Let me answer in reverse order.
link |
00:55:47.820
First thing that I learned, and I think it's probably common
link |
00:55:52.380
across CEOs, especially in our industry,
link |
00:55:55.380
is it will be great if I had more time.
link |
00:55:59.300
I think there's, especially because we grow
link |
00:56:01.860
in so many areas and there's so many things to learn,
link |
00:56:04.180
so many relationships to build, time to spend
link |
00:56:08.420
with a number of different technologies.
link |
00:56:11.700
But it kind of reflects really the size
link |
00:56:14.100
of the opportunity that exists for Qualcomm.
link |
00:56:16.180
Qualcomm, it is really growing in a number
link |
00:56:19.060
of different directions all at the same time.
link |
00:56:22.060
And so it did got busier.
link |
00:56:25.860
And part of this is because I'm spending a lot of time
link |
00:56:29.820
understanding the new industries we're going in
link |
00:56:32.740
and building relationships.
link |
00:56:35.620
Second thing, which is a lot to do
link |
00:56:37.380
with how I think about things
link |
00:56:39.340
and a little bit of my personality.
link |
00:56:41.580
At the end of the day, business partnerships
link |
00:56:44.460
are really done by people.
link |
00:56:46.940
And I think the importance of having trusted relationships
link |
00:56:51.380
for the long term is extremely important.
link |
00:56:54.860
And I've been dedicated to do that as CEO.
link |
00:56:57.380
We're not a company that plays for the short term.
link |
00:57:01.020
We don't.
link |
00:57:01.860
And when we build new partnerships,
link |
00:57:03.780
we expect that to be for decades.
link |
00:57:05.980
And so I spend time doing that
link |
00:57:09.420
and think that's important for Qualcomm.
link |
00:57:11.260
The other part of your question is,
link |
00:57:15.100
we do have a lot of opportunities in all different areas.
link |
00:57:18.900
What we like, and I've been fortunate enough
link |
00:57:21.540
to become CEO at a time,
link |
00:57:23.780
that a lot of the trends are pointing to our technology.
link |
00:57:27.180
We talk about some of them.
link |
00:57:28.220
We talk about merger of physical and digital spaces.
link |
00:57:31.300
We talk about the transformation of the automobile.
link |
00:57:33.500
We talk about the merge of computing and mobile,
link |
00:57:38.820
the enterprise transformation of the home.
link |
00:57:40.580
There are many of those trends.
link |
00:57:42.380
And those trends create opportunities for Qualcomm
link |
00:57:46.140
to be providing technology first.
link |
00:57:50.820
And as such, we're in a hurry.
link |
00:57:53.660
So I'm in a little bit of a hurry
link |
00:57:55.420
because I think the opportunity is incredible
link |
00:57:57.700
for technology, but having fun and enjoying the job.
link |
00:58:02.620
Is there a burden because of so much
link |
00:58:04.780
of what you said is partnerships
link |
00:58:07.300
and almost like friendships,
link |
00:58:09.820
connections with other human beings?
link |
00:58:12.300
Me as an introvert that has a lot of social anxiety,
link |
00:58:15.620
that seems extremely stressful.
link |
00:58:17.180
So is there that burden on your shoulders?
link |
00:58:19.340
You have to wake up every day
link |
00:58:21.180
and talk to friends you've had for many years.
link |
00:58:25.940
It can be, and then convince them
link |
00:58:28.660
and make partnerships with them,
link |
00:58:31.060
talk with them, describe to them the future,
link |
00:58:33.700
sell them an idea, and then yourself grow
link |
00:58:36.100
because you don't know what the heck
link |
00:58:37.360
the future is gonna be like.
link |
00:58:38.500
And you have to project both confidence and humility,
link |
00:58:41.000
all those kinds of things.
link |
00:58:42.220
Is that exhausting?
link |
00:58:45.100
It is exhausting, but it's something I do like to do.
link |
00:58:48.680
And it's not only with partners, really.
link |
00:58:50.540
It's also internally to your employees, I think,
link |
00:58:54.100
to get alignment on the vision
link |
00:58:55.440
and faith in the vision and execute.
link |
00:58:57.680
And at the end of the day, we're very fortunate.
link |
00:58:59.100
We have a lot of smart people.
link |
00:59:00.200
So people, if they're aligned with the vision,
link |
00:59:02.100
they know what to do.
link |
00:59:03.460
And then, of course, as CEO,
link |
00:59:05.300
you have to convince your investors
link |
00:59:06.860
that that's the right idea as well.
link |
00:59:09.940
If you can put on your wise sage hat,
link |
00:59:13.980
do you have a device for young people
link |
00:59:16.100
in high school and college?
link |
00:59:18.540
You yourself started from the humble beginnings in Brazil,
link |
00:59:24.780
maybe a bit of a wild, risky decision to go to Japan,
link |
00:59:28.860
and now are the head of one of the biggest,
link |
00:59:30.820
most successful, most impactful companies in the world.
link |
00:59:34.100
Given that story, can you give advice to young people today
link |
00:59:37.980
that they can have a career
link |
00:59:41.180
or just a life they can be proud of?
link |
00:59:43.980
I think the first thing,
link |
00:59:45.420
and of course, all of those answers
link |
00:59:47.740
are gonna relate to my own experience, right?
link |
00:59:52.140
The first thing is it always worked for me
link |
00:59:56.940
to have a plan, even if the plan
link |
01:00:00.980
is just what I'm gonna do in the next two years,
link |
01:00:02.760
but what do I want to do?
link |
01:00:04.260
Where do I wanna go?
link |
01:00:05.960
And I think it's important for people,
link |
01:00:08.480
especially young people,
link |
01:00:10.780
is to really have a dream and go pursue it.
link |
01:00:15.140
I mean, have a dream does not go back to bed to sleep.
link |
01:00:17.560
It's really what do you want to accomplish
link |
01:00:20.720
and then what it's gonna take to do that.
link |
01:00:22.300
And then believe in yourself.
link |
01:00:24.200
Like I said, I joined Qualcomm as an engineer
link |
01:00:28.440
and I didn't have any plans when I joined to be CEO,
link |
01:00:33.140
but I do want, as an engineer,
link |
01:00:34.680
what I wanted to do, where I wanna contribute,
link |
01:00:38.240
what I wanted to work on,
link |
01:00:39.320
and then keep evolving from that point in time.
link |
01:00:43.800
The other thing is, this is an advice,
link |
01:00:46.200
it's more of like career advice that I got early in my career
link |
01:00:51.360
was extremely helpful for me
link |
01:00:54.020
and I will give that advice
link |
01:00:55.160
to everyone that is interested.
link |
01:00:58.740
Spend time understanding what are the things you're good at
link |
01:01:02.540
and what are the things you're not.
link |
01:01:04.280
Like what is the real border between your area of competence
link |
01:01:08.680
and your area of incompetence?
link |
01:01:10.580
And once you see that,
link |
01:01:12.320
once you see that you know exactly what you have to work on
link |
01:01:15.680
and you can say, that's where I wanna go next,
link |
01:01:18.880
this is the gap, I need to do it.
link |
01:01:21.160
And it's faster when you can identify yourself
link |
01:01:24.760
before other people can tell you.
link |
01:01:27.240
Then it leads to automatically the next step.
link |
01:01:31.480
Surround yourself, the people that are very good
link |
01:01:34.080
at the things that you're not.
link |
01:01:35.480
So you have to be radically honest
link |
01:01:38.780
about the things that you're not good at,
link |
01:01:41.120
but given what you're passionate about,
link |
01:01:42.960
you need to get good at,
link |
01:01:44.160
or you would like to get good at,
link |
01:01:45.720
and surround yourself by those people.
link |
01:01:47.680
How often did the plans you make actually work out?
link |
01:01:50.640
So you said it's important to make plans.
link |
01:01:52.520
You didn't say anything about
link |
01:01:54.480
it's important to execute on those plans.
link |
01:01:56.240
More than 50% success rate.
link |
01:01:58.600
Try to keep it above 50.
link |
01:01:59.960
Try to keep it above 50.
link |
01:02:01.840
What was the whole, why did you end up in Japan?
link |
01:02:05.440
I've been fortunate enough to work in cellular and wireless
link |
01:02:09.560
my entire career.
link |
01:02:10.720
So I always liked communications.
link |
01:02:13.880
When I entered engineering school,
link |
01:02:15.680
my dad was electrical engineer,
link |
01:02:17.320
but he worked with the utility company.
link |
01:02:19.120
He wanted me to graduate
link |
01:02:21.480
in traditional electrical engineering,
link |
01:02:23.040
like energy generation, distribution.
link |
01:02:27.920
But I like electronics communication,
link |
01:02:29.520
so I ended up doing both.
link |
01:02:31.720
And I always liked communication.
link |
01:02:35.280
I was fascinated by wireless communication.
link |
01:02:37.160
So my first job at a college,
link |
01:02:38.680
I started working for a Japanese company down in Brazil,
link |
01:02:42.000
was NEC, and within about a year in,
link |
01:02:44.240
they transferred me to Tokyo.
link |
01:02:46.560
They asked me to go to their headquarters,
link |
01:02:48.060
and it was the first time I left Brazil.
link |
01:02:51.440
A little bit different from Brazil.
link |
01:02:53.400
Culturally. Very different.
link |
01:02:54.920
It is in the other side of the planet.
link |
01:02:58.080
And that's how I started.
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01:03:00.540
You said your father's an electrical engineer.
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01:03:03.840
Do you think what you're doing now makes your father proud?
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01:03:07.580
I think he's very proud.
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01:03:08.680
I think especially, you know,
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01:03:12.580
he tells me that I'm still the same person
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01:03:15.760
that never changed.
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01:03:17.480
Does he give you advice?
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01:03:19.160
Does he criticize what you're doing?
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01:03:20.720
Tell you how to improve?
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01:03:22.360
My mom and dad still give me advice today.
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01:03:24.080
I'm very fortunate for that.
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01:03:25.280
But he's proud.
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01:03:29.560
I'm also proud because there are very few Brazilians
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01:03:33.720
that have achieved a position as CEO
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01:03:36.320
of a company the size of Qualcomm.
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01:03:39.360
And I do know that also I carry a burden,
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01:03:43.260
especially for the Latino community,
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01:03:47.720
to be an inspiration for them
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01:03:49.220
and make sure I set a good example.
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01:03:51.940
So not just your mom and dad,
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01:03:54.380
but the culture, the people that were originally your home.
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01:04:01.540
Do you, you know, life is finite.
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01:04:04.780
Do you think about your own mortality?
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01:04:07.860
Look, I'm a devout Christian,
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01:04:10.980
and so I'm a big believer that there's,
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01:04:15.460
this is just a transition.
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01:04:18.700
But don't spend a lot of time thinking about that.
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01:04:22.140
I am somebody good, better, and different
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01:04:25.820
that try as much as possible to leave the present,
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01:04:29.340
and that's what I do.
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01:04:31.660
And try to make the present better
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01:04:33.240
on this place here on Earth.
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01:04:35.860
Absolutely.
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01:04:36.700
And that some of these technologies,
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01:04:38.060
some of these ideas are kind of a different kind
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01:04:40.980
of immortality as well,
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01:04:42.540
because they propagate through time
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01:04:44.500
and have impact on people in the best possible way.
link |
01:04:47.700
So technology can be scary,
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01:04:49.880
technology can be destructive,
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01:04:51.280
but it seems like in the end it can do a lot of good.
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01:04:56.460
More good, there's more good than bad.
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01:04:59.300
What do you think is the meaning of this whole thing?
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01:05:01.100
I asked you about aliens observing us.
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01:05:03.620
What's the meaning of life?
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01:05:05.640
Cristiano, what's the meaning of life?
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01:05:09.640
Easy questions.
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01:05:10.920
That's not an easy question at all.
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01:05:13.120
I think that's a question,
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01:05:15.240
at least for me, you have to answer individually.
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01:05:18.720
But I do believe we're all here for a purpose.
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01:05:24.440
In my prayers I always ask that I stay on track
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01:05:28.960
to whatever my purpose is,
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01:05:30.960
but I do believe we're here for a purpose,
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01:05:33.160
and we need to do the best we can
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01:05:34.840
during the time we have on this Earth.
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01:05:36.920
So that means create beautiful things for you
link |
01:05:41.040
as an engineer?
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01:05:42.000
Yes, and create beautiful things, yes.
link |
01:05:44.640
What about love?
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01:05:46.280
What's the role of love in the human condition?
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01:05:49.960
Love's very important,
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01:05:50.960
and it's an essential part of being human.
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01:05:54.740
It comes in the package.
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01:05:56.880
And I think if you look at the situation,
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01:06:00.100
what's happening right now,
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01:06:01.480
I think if you look at the situation
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01:06:03.680
with some of the underprivileged communities,
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01:06:06.280
you look at the homeless situation,
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01:06:08.180
I think we all need more love.
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01:06:10.200
Yeah, and I think people that build incredible technology
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01:06:12.680
sometimes forget the love part.
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01:06:14.880
Those are all, it's all integrated.
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01:06:17.280
There's no, thinking about humanity is really important
link |
01:06:21.720
when you build tools that empower that humanity.
link |
01:06:24.980
Because there's, I think, at least I personally believe
link |
01:06:27.360
we're all capable of both evil and good.
link |
01:06:30.200
And we have to build technology, build societies,
link |
01:06:33.400
build governments, build communities
link |
01:06:35.200
that inspire us to connect with the good part
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01:06:40.000
within all of us.
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01:06:40.940
I'm a big believer that technology is, at the end,
link |
01:06:43.760
the force for good.
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01:06:44.720
And if you just look, you know,
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01:06:47.560
not trying to move away from a deep discussion
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01:06:50.880
to a more specific, technical one.
link |
01:06:54.180
But we started a conversation talking about smartphones.
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01:06:58.640
And smartphones really, the first time
link |
01:07:03.240
that you could say that everybody in the world
link |
01:07:05.240
was able to connect to the internet
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01:07:06.960
and connect to each other.
link |
01:07:07.880
And I think what that empowerment that that provided,
link |
01:07:11.400
it's an incredible force for good.
link |
01:07:14.400
Well, the company you lead, the technology you've created,
link |
01:07:18.660
one of them that I'm especially excited about,
link |
01:07:21.120
which is Snapdragon, the whole line of processors there.
link |
01:07:23.840
Currently, I would say at about 10 billion transistors.
link |
01:07:27.600
If you think about the human brain,
link |
01:07:29.200
it's about 100 billion neurons.
link |
01:07:31.560
So I think 11 Samsung Galaxy S22s
link |
01:07:36.440
are already smarter than me.
link |
01:07:37.720
And that's being nice to me.
link |
01:07:41.040
I'm really honored that you spent
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01:07:42.240
your extremely valuable time with me,
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01:07:44.680
even though you said Pele is the favorite player.
link |
01:07:48.040
Beyond all of that, I think you're an incredible person,
link |
01:07:51.360
incredible leader, and you lead
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01:07:53.240
an incredible engineering company.
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01:07:54.860
So thank you for doing that.
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01:07:55.980
Oh, thank you so much.
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01:07:56.820
Thanks for the kind words.
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01:07:58.020
Really a pleasure having this conversation.
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01:07:59.920
I really had a lot of fun doing it.
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01:08:01.340
And thank you for having me in your podcast.
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01:08:04.800
Thanks for listening to this conversation
link |
01:08:06.280
with Christiano Aman.
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01:08:07.960
To support this podcast, please check out
link |
01:08:09.640
our sponsors in the description.
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01:08:11.760
And now, let me leave you with some words
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01:08:13.920
from Stephen Hawking.
link |
01:08:15.960
For millions of years, mankind lived just like the animals.
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01:08:20.420
Then something happened, which unleashed
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01:08:22.480
the power of our imagination.
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01:08:24.760
We learned to talk, and we learned to listen.
link |
01:08:28.120
Speech has allowed the communication of ideas,
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01:08:31.360
enabling human beings to work together
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01:08:33.440
to build the impossible.
link |
01:08:35.400
Mankind's greatest achievements have come about by talking,
link |
01:08:40.080
and its greatest failures by not talking.
link |
01:08:44.160
It doesn't have to be like this.
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01:08:46.040
Our greatest hopes could become reality in the future.
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01:08:49.280
With the technology at our disposal,
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01:08:51.280
the possibilities are unbounded.
link |
01:08:54.200
All we need to do is make sure we keep talking.
link |
01:08:58.440
Thank you for listening, and hope to see you next time.